【作者】 杨子江；

【导师】 陈刚；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 计算机应用技术， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 当前,随着计算机软件快速发展、软件规模不断扩大,软件的质量越来越得到重视。为此,人们提出了软件可靠性、软件验证、软件质量保证、软件测试等一系列概念和理论。如何提高软件的可靠性成为目前软件系统设计与开发的主要问题之一。软件验证,是软件可靠性的一部分。它对软件功能行为进行验证和确认,通过一定的合理的行为来观察软件的表现。在高可靠性软件的开发过程中,软件验证是一个非常重要的组成部分。没有经过验证的高可靠性软件,将会导致灾难性的后果。虚拟化技术和虚拟化平台的出现,给软件验证特别是目标码验证带来了方便。虚拟化平台上软件运行的各种行为,都能被捕捉分析。虚拟化平台下的软件验证,将成为软件验证新的发展方向。本文主要针对高可靠性软件的目标码验证技术的研究,例如DO-178B标准中的目标码验证研究。在分析当前目标码验证面临的困难的基础上,提出了一种在虚拟化平台上实现目标码验证的方法。本文对当前的软件验证和目标码验证技术的特点和方法做了介绍和分析,通过对虚拟化平台的体系结构扩展,将目标码验证技术和虚拟化平台结合在一起。针对目标码的正确性验证和鲁棒性验证两个方面,在特定的虚拟化平台上,讨论了在其上面实现目标码验证的难点和设计要点。最后,在虚拟化平台上实现了一个目标码验证工具BSVVT(Bochs basedSoftware Verification and Validation Tools)。该工具在扩展虚拟化平台体系结构的基础上,在损失大约40%性能的情况下,实现了目标码覆盖检测、分支图生成、分支反转与提示、故障条件注入和轨迹导出等功能,覆盖了目标码验证的两个方面。同时,BSVVT保证了目标码验证中代码的完整性和无侵入性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nowadays, with the rapid development of software and continuous expansion of software scale, the quality of software is being paid attention more and more. To this end, people raise a series of concepts and theories like software reliability, software verification, software quality assurance, software testing and etc. How to improve the reliability of software becomes the major problem of software system design and development. Software verification is a component of software reliability which is an action of verifying and validating functions and behaviors of software. It observes the performance of software through a certain reasonable behavior. In the development process of high-reliability software, software verification is a very important component. High-reliability software without verification will result in disastrous consequences.The emergence of the virtualization technology and virtual platforms bring great convenience to software verification especially the verification of object code. Various software runtime behaviors on virtual platform can be caught for analyzing. Software verification on virtual platform will be the new direction of software verification and validation.This paper mainly focuses on the research of object code verification and validation technology in high-reliability software, for instance, the research on object code verification in the DO-178B standard. On the basis of analyzing the difficulties which object code verification meets currently, a method which realizes object code verification on virtual platform is raised.This paper makes an introduction and analysis on the characters and methods of current technology of software verification and object code verification. By expanding the architecture of virtual platform, object code verification and virtual platform are integrated. Aiming at correctness verification and robustness verification of object code, the difficulties of realizing and the key points of designing object code verification on specific virtual platform are discussed. At last, an object code verification tool BSVVT (Bochs based Software Verification and Validation Tools) is implemented on virtual platform. On the basis of expanding virtual platform architecture and on the condition of about 40% performance loss, this tool realizes the test of object code coverage, the generation of branch graph, the reverse and prompt of branch, fault injection, trace export and etc which covers the two sides of object code verification. Meanwhile, BSVVT guarantee the integrality and non-incursion of code when verifying object code.更多还原