【作者】 贾杰；

【导师】 阚君武；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 压电发电装置相对于其他微型发电装置,具有结构简单、不发热、无电磁干扰和易于实现微小化等优点,越来越受到各国研究人员的关注。本文采用理论分析和试验验证相结合的方式,对悬臂梁压电发电装置的能量转换、输出功率以及存储特性进行了研究,并开发出无电池的红外遥控器,证明压电发电技术实际应用的可行性。主要的研究内容如下:1.分别就外载荷为恒力和恒位移的两种情况下,建立悬臂梁压电发电装置(单晶、双晶压电梁)的能量转换模型。利用Maple10.0计算软件和ANSYS有限元分析软件对理论模型进行了模拟和验证,分析压电振子的结构尺寸、材料性能以及厚度比对压电梁发电性能的影响规律,并对悬臂梁压电发电装置最佳厚度比的各种影响因素进行了分析。2.根据压电陶瓷的电特性等效电路,分别就当压电发电装置直接与外部负载相连,以及经整流滤波后再与负载相连的两种情况下,建立压电发电装置输出功率的理论模型,并对两种理论模型进行数值模拟和分析比较。最后,通过现有的试验测试系统对理论模型进行试验验证。3.分别就激振器提供的简谐激励和手动产生的脉冲激励的两种激励条件下,以普通电解电容、超级电容和可充电电池为存储介质进行了压电发电能的存储特性研究,并比较各种存储方式的优缺点以及使用场合等。4.为解决目前普通遥控器功耗大和编码解码程序复杂的问题,自行开发了一种低功耗的无电池红外遥控器。利用手动压电发电装置,分别以触发式和存储式两种方式为遥控器供电,验证压电发电技术实际应用的可行性。这也为压电发电技术在其他领域的应用奠定了理论基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Piezoelectric power generation as a new field of study, has the unique advantages compared with others electricity generation method; many countries have started to study of the application about this. This paper combines on the National Natural Science Foundation project and technological development projects in Jilin Province, as the object of development of a battery-less infrared remote control who was powered by piezoelectric generator, established the theoretical formula of generate capacity and output power for the piezoelectric cantilever generators, at same time, carried on the energy storage characteristic of the Piezoelectric generator.1. SummarizePiezoelectric power generation is the use of piezoelectric material to achieve mechanical energy convert to electrical energy. Because of piezoelectric generator have the advantages of structure simple, feverless, no electromagnetic, easy to manufacture, realization of the structure small and so on. Focus on the introduced with Piezoelectric power generation’s research situation in the domestic and foreign country, finally, shows the main research content of this article. In foreign countries, these researches has been carried out for many years and obtains many results, but in our country the related research only then just started, to be at the start stage, so the basic research about piezoelectric power generation appears especially important.2. Analysis power conversion characteristic of piezoelectric generator When account for piezoelectric ceramics’elementary knowledge, first explanted of the piezoelectric effect; secondly, the piezoelectric vibrator were discussed, including the piezoelectric vibrator vibration mode, resonant characteristics, equivalent circuit and fixed way.This chapter main analysis the energy conversion characteristics of the piezoelectric cantilever generators. First of all, acquired of cantilever beams’theoretical formula under the two different loads. Next, by way of software Maple10.0 and ANSYS carry on numerical simulation and analysis of theoretical formula. At last, explanation on various factors which influence best ratio of the thickness.The result indicate:①when the piezoelectric cantilever generators suffered load is different, piezoelectric vibrator’s structures size have a different influence on generating capacity.②The output voltage and power changes along with the ratio of the thickness, and have a best ratio of the thickness which can make piezoelectric cantilever generators output energy achieve to max.③The way of load have no significant impact on the best ratio of the thickness. The best thickness is influenced by material attribute, on the other parameter invariable situation, reduced along with the increase of the substrate modulus of elasticity. 3. Analysis output power and storage characteristic of piezoelectric generator According to the charge generator for piezoelectric circuit model, deduced the two output power formulas under its whether connected with the Rectifier Bridge and filter, and through experimental system to validate the theoretical formulas. The result indicate:①piezoelectric generator must be have a suited load make the piezoelectric generator have a largest output power. The value of the power is influenced by the piezoelectric generators’open-circuit voltage, inherent capacitance, excitation frequency, as well as the size of the load.②When piezoelectric generator connected with Rectifier Bridge and filter, the value of best load isπ2 times than before, and the value of output power is 2πtimes than before.Each time, piezoelectric vibrator generated capacity is very small, needs to use the storage medium to realize the energy accumulation. This paper carry on the piezoelectric power generations’energy storage experiment though using the general capacitor, super capacitor and rechargeable battery three kinds of storage medium ,there two kinds of drive: :①Uses the driver whose vibration frequency and amplitude is constant;②Pulse excitation produced by Manual. Through the experiment can be seen in the present conditions, use rechargeable battery come true the energy storage is very difficult; when using manual or vibration source is insufficient, using general capacitor storage energy is better than others; when outsiders vibration source adequate or incentives is larger, super capacitors is the best choice.4. Application reaches on a battery-less remote control powered by piezoelectric generatorBased on the principle of infrared remote control and the characteristics of the MSP430, designing the external hardware circuit of remote control, use of C language compiled Single Chip Micro Computers’internal procedure and produced an integrity infrared remote control. Use the piezoelectric generator which was designed by author, used the direct drive and the capacity storage power two ways to carry on the feasible experiment with the remote control. From the test result can be seen, when uses the piezoelectric generator directly supplies power for the remote control, its effective work distance may amount to 7 meters; at the same time, can be seen that the general capacitors can as a power storage who provide power for the remote control, for example, the capacity of 470uf about a general capacitors, when its voltage is charged to 12.8V, can make the remote control work 5 times. These shows that piezoelectric generator can as a power supplier for the remote control, also illuminate that it’s feasible for the piezoelectric technology can be used to modern electronic equipment as a energy supplier.更多还原