【作者】 张倬；

【导师】 陈万忠；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 信号与信息处理， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 Zigbee技术是在IEEE802.15.4协议的基础上推出的一种新兴的传感器网络,在工业、环境及医疗等方面都有广泛的应用。Zigbee是无线传感器网络中的一种技术,所以在Zigbee网络层所使用的路由协议是目前传感器网络中正在研究使用的一些路由协议如LEACH协议等。传感器网络中最重要的两个问题就是:传感器网络节点能量受限的问题和传感器网络高可靠性的QoS问题。本文通过对Zigbee网络及现有的无线路由算法的研究后,针对Zigbee网络能量受限和高可靠性的问题,提出了一种改进的AntNet算法。算法首先改进了信息素的淘汰机制,通过对信息素的重新初始化实现了快速淘汰质量差的路径的效果,减少了网络拥塞的概率,增强了网络的鲁棒性。第二,算法吸收了集群结构路由的思想,在每轮算法的执行时都选择了子Sink节点,与基本的AntNet算法相比降低了Zigbee网络的能量消耗。文中建立了基于NS2的Zigbee网络仿真平台,通过大量的实验,并对实验结果进行分析比较,证明了本文的改进的AntNet算法能够在Zigbee网络中进行良好的应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 1. IntroductionIn December 2000 IEEE set up a working group IEEE802.15.4 for the establishment of a fixed, portable or mobile devices use low-complexity, low-cost and low-power low-data-rate wireless connectivity. The commercial name for ZigBee. IEEE802.15.4’s ZigBee standard was approved in May 2003, mainly suitable for wireless automation, and can be embedded in all kinds of devices, while supporting geo-positioning functions. Zigbee wireless technology is in this environment for the development of thriving in the right moment. Unlike some other communication technologies, it is not the pursuit of its high-speed, long-distance, but rather directed at a specific family in the smart, intelligent buildings, industrial automation and medical control and certain areas of application needs, only to lock the scores kbs rate, meters to tens of meters distance wireless group Netcom letter of capacity, and under such conditions, to identify other technical requirements - micro-power, low complexity, low prices further, from the birth of a new wireless communication Technology - Zigbee.Currently in the Zigbee network layer routing protocol used by the sensor network is currently being used on some of routing protocols such as LEACH agreement. The two most important question of sensor networks is: sensor network node’s energy constrained and QoS issues of the high reliability sensor network.2. Improved AntNet algorithmAntNet algorithm is a distributed, random, at any time, with the time changes the wireless routing algorithm. The basic AntNet algorithm to solve the basic data flow maldistribution problem. However, as the basic algorithm performance resulted Zigbee nodes around the Sink node some frequent communication the Sink nodes, excessive consumption of energy will inevitably lead to these nodes quickly died because of the excessive consumption of energy. This paper’s improved AntNet algorithmFirst of all, this improved algorithm to update the pheromone in the way for the network.On the basis of MMAS algorithm ,this paper improve a way of pheromone re-initialization of a quick poor path. When the algorithm implementation to a certain time, MMAS has been fixed to choose the optimal solution can not find better solutions. At this time, the new algorithm initialize the pheromone ,the route of less pheromone is pathed ou,the route of more information is given the maximum. This reinforces the exploration of the algorithm. Through simulation in C + + running on the platform compared to prove that the algorithm can be used to solve the optimal solution of local issues, and the classification of information through the initialization of the pheromone concentration on the lower path of rapid elimination and accelerating the speed of convergence and thus speeding up the algorithm to find the optimal path process. Simulation results show that the new algorithm optimize the quality and efficiency of the algorithm is superior to the traditional algorithms, close to the best theoretical value.Second, the improved AntNet algorithm for AntNet algorithm, the shortcomings of the nodes around the Sink node excessive energy consumption, the algorithm periodically choose some of Sink-Sink node, only these Sink-Sink nodes can contact only through other nodes of Sink node, other nodes indirect contact with Sink by Sink-Sink node. When the Zigbee network implementation for a period of time, the algorithm choose to the Sink-Sink node, the node as a reduction of the probability of Sink-Sink node, thereby reducing the Zigbee network the whole,average energy consumption, reduction of the mortality rate nodes.3. ConclusionThrough structureing NS2 simulation platform, a simulation Zigbee wireless sensor networks, the simulation results prove that the improved AntNet algorithm compared to the two other existing wireless routing algorithm LEACH algorithm and AntNet algorithm ,the energy consumption in the network, node mortality and the degree of network congestion has several notable improvement.It prove that the algorithm can be stable in the Zigbee wireless sensor network applications.更多还原