【作者】 王蕾；

【导师】 郑尚宪；

【作者基本信息】 厦门大学 ， 戏剧戏曲学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 作为比较典型的一类文人历史题材戏,寒士发迹戏在元杂剧史上自成一家,它是元代文人在科举停废、民族歧视、政治黑暗的背景下的“不平则鸣”,具有很高的认识价值。从科举的角度来研究元杂剧中的寒士发迹戏,实际上是将历史学、社会心理学与文学结合起来考察。学术界对元杂剧中才子佳人戏、神仙道化戏、公案戏等方面的研究较多,而对寒士发迹戏则相对关注较少,本文力图结合元代特殊的科举状况和儒士们的生活状况以及他们压抑的苦闷内心,对元代寒士发迹戏作一番的剖析。“前言”是对该研究课题学术意义的概要论说,对“寒士”与“寒士发迹戏”作出了概念上的界定,结合宋元两代截然不同的科举状况,指出寒士发迹戏在内容上、结构上以及出现时间上所具有的特点,并简要介绍了当前学术界把科举与文学相结合进行研究所取得的研究成果和进展情况,引出正文。第一章共分三小节,论述了在寒士发迹戏中,作者对元代社会状况、元代知识分子的生活境遇和他们精神苦闷所作的刻画与描摹,并结合元代历史和元代的选官制度进行了分析。第二章共分三小节,论述了在寒士发迹戏中,作者对黑白颠倒、贤路堵塞的社会所作的揭露与控诉,对世态炎凉以及他们的不懈斗争的表现。第三章共分四小节,论述了元杂剧作者们在科举停废、求仕无门的现实下,用笔为自己编织的梦想,从而在幻想中逃避现实,达到心灵的暂时解脱。结论论述了科举制度对封建中国政治结构和社会人文心理的影响,并对寒士发迹戏的特点作整体概括。更多还原

【Abstract】 The play that wrote about the impoverished and unsuccessful intellectuals gain fame and fortune in the end is a quite typical kind of history play in the Yuan zaju. It is unique in the history of Yuan zaju, and holds extremely important status. Under the ethnic discrimination, the political dark background and the imperial civil service examinations abolished, the intellectuals cried out against injustice in the Yuan Dynasty. It represents a tremendous change of the entire social ideological trend and cultural psychology at that time. To analyze these dramas from the point of view of the imperial civil service examination is in fact to integrate history, social psychology and literature to study this kind of drama. The academe’s studies about the drama of the talented men and beautiful women focus mainly on the deity and Taoism and the legal case. But the works that wrote about the impoverished and unsuccessful intellectuals gain fame and fortune are less in the academe. This article is simply attempted to study this domain by connecting it with the special imperial civil service examination and the abolishment of it in the Yuan Dynasty, the Confucian intellectuals’real life situation and the depressed feeling are also taken into consideration. And analyses these dramas thoroughly.The forward is a brief introduction to the academic significance of the paper. The definition and concept of the impoverished and unsuccessful intellectuals and the drama of impoverished and unsuccessful intellectuals gained fame and fortune are mentioned in this part. It also deals with its characteristics in content, structure and the time it appeared by unifying the totally different imperial civil service examination in Song and Yuan dynasty. This paper also introduces briefly the current development and research result in academic circles then draws out the main content.Chapter One is divided into three parts. Part one discuss authors’description of real social condition, the misery life and their hopeless future in the course of impoverished and unsuccessful intellectuals rising. Some analyses based on the history of Yuan Dynasty and its official system is also introduced. Chapter Two is divided into three parts. It mainly deals with the authors’complaint and revealing of the discriminative and unfair fortune of the intellectuals in the Yuan Dynasty society, their fighting against the coldness of the ways of the world.Chapter Three is divided into four parts. It mainly discusses about how the authors of the dramas in Yuan Dynasty, where talented people could not find way to realize their ideals, make up a beautiful dream to help them running away from reality and getting released in the mind.Conclusion elaborated the influence of the imperial civil service examination system to the political structure and the Social humanities psychology in the feudal China. But the abolishment of the imperial civil service examination has impacted and influenced the Yuan generation of intellectuals from body to psychology deeply. And whole summarized the characteristic of the play that the impoverished and unsuccessful intellectuals gain fame and fortune in the end, and elaborated the development tendency and characteristic of this kind of play in the later.更多还原