【作者】 黄智俊；

【导师】 王克强；

【作者基本信息】 上海财经大学 ， 土地资源管理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文首先论述了采用节水灌溉技术的重要性。然后从分析我国农业节水灌溉技术的供给和需求出发,构建了我国农户节水灌溉技术采用的激励机制,而后对节水灌溉技术采用的影响因素进行了实证研究,最后得出结论和相关的政策建议。通过分析我国农业节水灌溉技术的供给和需求,得出我国农业节水灌溉技术供求双向不足的结论,并找出可能影响我国农业节水灌溉技术供求的因素。为了进一步研究农户采用节水灌溉技术的行为,从影响我国农业节水灌溉技术供求的一些主要因素出发,以资源经济学、博弈论、福利经济学、信息经济学的委托代理理论和财务成本费用等理论为指导,从不同的角度构建了农户节水灌溉技术采用的激励机制,从理论上证明了政府资金扶持、灌溉水价、水市场交易等都是激励农民采用节水灌溉技术的重要因素;政府在进行相应的合理的制度安排的前提下,农户节水灌溉技术采用的行为是激励可行的。在理论研究的基础上,本文采用意愿调查法,以大量的调研数据为依据,通过Logit计量经济模型对农户节水灌溉技术投入的支付意愿和技术采用的影响因素进行了实证的分析。研究结果表明,影响农户节水灌溉技术采用的因素除农户家庭和农业生产等一些常见的特征变量外,还与政府资金扶持、农业灌溉水价和采用节水灌溉技术后节约的水能否进行买卖有很大的相关性。节水灌溉技术供求的双向不足,客观上需要政府加大对节水灌溉事业的财政支持力度,并对农户采用节水灌溉技术进行补助。我国的农业水价长期偏低,不能很好地反映农业水资源的稀缺性和价值。因此,必须逐步提高水价,并改变农业水价的补贴方式,逐渐由暗补转变为明补。基于实证研究的结果,政府在进行水权初始分配的基础上,应该允许农户进行水的自由交易,通过把节省的水卖掉而获得收益,从而激励农民采用节水灌溉技术。另外,节水灌溉信息方面的推广对节水灌溉技术的采用至关重要,必须强化宣传,加快技术推广和服务体系的建立。本研究有以下几个特点:(1)研究的角度新。本文从微观农户采用节水灌溉技术角度对农户节水决策行为进行研究,并采用意愿调查法,突破了中国水权水市场不发达对农户节水灌溉技术采用激励机制研究的限制。(2)研究的方法新。结合多种理论,构建了节水灌溉技术采用的激励模型,并用第一手资料进行实证分析,使本文的理论和实证完美地结合起来。更多还原

【Abstract】 At first, the importance of adopting water saving irrigation technology is elaborated in this article. Started from analysis the supply and the demand of agriculture water saving irrigation technology in our country, the incentive mechanisms of promoting the farmers’ adoption of agricultural water saving irrigation technology are constructed in this article. After the demonstration of the factors affecting the farmers’ behavior of technology adoption, the related conclusion and advice are brought forward.By analyzing the supply and the demand of agriculture water saving irrigation technology in our country, we draw the conclusion that the supply and demand of agriculture water saving irrigation technology in our country are bidirectional insufficient. In the same time, the possible factors affecting the supply and demand of agriculture water saving irrigation technology are pointed out.In order to further study the behavior of the farmers when facing . the choice of adopting water saving irrigation technology, the author started the theoretical research by analyzing some main factors affecting the supply and demand of agriculture water saving irrigation technology. Based on such theories as natural resource economics, game theory, welfare economics, principal-agent theory of information economics and cost-benefit analysis etc., the incentive mechanisms are constructed from different perspective, which theoretically proved that government financial support, agricultural water price and water market are all very important factors promoting farmers’ adopting water saving irrigation technology. Under certain institutional arrangement by the government, farmers’ behavior of adopting water saving irrigation technology is incentive feasible.Based on the theoretical analysis, we collected abundant data by conducting an intention survey followed by a demonstration of the willingness to pay of the farmers for the adopting of water saving irrigation technology as well as the factors affecting technology adoption by using the Logit econometrics model. Apart from some household and agricultural characteristic, the findings indicates that the government fund support, agricultural water price and trading possibility of saved water also have great relevance to technology adoption of agricultural water saving irrigation.The bidirectional insufficiency of the supply and demand of water saving irrigation technology objectively requires the government to increase finance support to the cause of water saving irrigation and to subsidize farmers’ technology adoption behavior. The agricultural water price is too low in our country for a very long period of time, which can not well reflect the scarcity and value of agricultural water resource. Therefore, it is high necessary to increase agricultural water price gradually as well as change the subsiding method transferred from hidden subsidy to clear subsidy. As we can conclude from the demonstration, the government should give the farmers the permission to transact water freely after the initial water rights allocation. By selling out the extra water, the farmers can receive some proceeds, which can promote their technology adoption behavior accordingly. In addition, the promotion of water saving irrigation information is very important to the technology adoption, so it is high necessary to set up the system of technology promotion and service.The main characteristics of this article are as followings: (1) new angle of study. We study the decision -making behaviors of the microcosmic farmers from the angle of adopting water saving irrigation. By using the investigation method of willingness to pay, we break through the limitation of not well developed water right market to the study of incentive mechanism of promoting technology adoption. (2) New research method. In combined with several theories, after constructing the incentive mechanism models from different perspective, we conducted a demonstration using first hand data, which perfectly combined theory with demonstration.更多还原