【作者】 张楠；

【导师】 王银叶；

【作者基本信息】 天津城市建设学院 ， 环境工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着人们生活水平的提高和经济的迅速发展,近年来,氮磷污染越发严重,过量的氮磷导致水体富营养化,对环境状况造成严重影响,因此控制污水中氮磷的含量成为环境工作者研究的热点。本研究将稀土镧负载到纳米级超细粉体上,使改性后分子筛同时具有脱氮除磷的效果,从而制备一种吸附容量大、使用寿命长、容易再生,使用方便的脱氮除磷吸附剂,为脱氮除磷技术提供一种新的思路。本文主要研究内容:(1)以稀土镧对纳米分子筛进行改性处理,对改性溶液的浓度,pH值,浸渍时间,活化温度及固液比等改性条件进行了确定;(2)研究了水质的变化(如pH值,污染物浓度),材料的用量,吸附时间,水中的干扰离子等脱氮除磷的影响因素;(3)对材料再生条件进行了确定(4)对分子筛的改性机理做初步的探讨,对改性材料的脱氮除磷原理做初步分析。研究结果表明:(1)浸渍改性时间为16h;活化液pH值为12;固液比1:50;在100℃烘干的条件为分子筛改性的最佳条件;(2)在原水氨氮浓度为30mg/L,磷酸盐浓度为5mg/L时,当吸附剂用量为3g/L,原水的pH值为5左右时,吸附时间大于30min,吸附效果达到最佳; (3)溶液中磷酸盐对氨氮的去除效果无明显影响,而氨氮会促进材料对磷酸盐的吸附作用,溶液中钾离子、硝态氮的存在对氨氮和磷酸盐的去除均无明显的影响,钙离子的存在对氨氮的去除有抑制作用,对磷酸盐的去除有促进作用,氟离子的存在对氨氮的去除无明显影响,与磷酸盐产生竞争吸附;(4)以碱液对材料进行再生,当再生液浓度为0.15mol/L,再生时间为4小时时能得到较好的再生效果;(5)对改性和吸附机理作了初步的探讨,改性后的材料对氨氮起主要吸附效果的是纳米分子筛所具有的离子交换性能,对磷酸盐起到吸附效果的是负载到纳米分子筛上的稀土化合物;(6)经测定拟合后,氨氮的吸附等温线符合Langmuir吸附模型,磷酸盐的吸附等温线符合多层吸附模型。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the improvement of standard of living and the development of economy, in lately years, the pollution of nitrogen and phosphate is more serious than before. The excessive nitrogen and phosphate will cause the water abundant in alimentation, and affect the environment. So how to control and decrease the concentration of nitride and phosphate in the wastewater and dispose of slightly polluted water has become the new task in the modern wastewater dispose field.This investigation used the lanthanum loaded on the nano-power , and the modified zeolite can adsorb ammoniac nitride and phosphate simultaneous, the capability of adsorption , the period of adsorbent, easy to recycle, used convenienceThe main content of the described as follows:(1)the zeiolite modified with lanthanum, the best concentration and pH value of modified solution, the time and temperature of modified process were studied (2) Study the Influential factors of nitride and phosphate removal, including: ,the variation of wastewater (such as pH range of the solution , the concentration of pollutant ) the dosage , the time and the interfere ions in solution .(3) determine the condition of recycle (4) do some primary analyse to the mechanism of modified and adsorption.The result of researches show that:(1) when the time of dipping was 16 hours , the pH value was 12, the ratio of zeolite and solution was 1:50 and the dry temperature was 100℃are the optimal condition of modified (2) when the concentration of ammnoia nitrogen and phosphate was 30 mg/L and 5 mg/L respectively, the optimal adsorb condition was :the dosage was 3g/L,pH value was 5 and the time of adsorbed was greater than or equal to 30 minutes.(3) the phosphate in solution not has obvious influence to the removal of ammnoia nitrogen, however, the ammnoia nitrogen can promote the adsorbent to adsorbed the phosphate ,the kalium ion and nitrate nitrogen not has obvious influence to the removal of ammnoia nitrogen and phosphate, the ion of calcium inhibiting the removal of ammnoia nitrogen, but promoting the removal of phosphate , the ion of fluorine not has obvious influence to the removal of ammnoia nitrogen, has competitive efect with phosphate. (4) the reclaim solution was alkalinity, the optimal effect can be reached when the concentration of reclaim solution was 0.15mol/L and the time was 4 hours.(5) do some primary analyse to the mechanism of modified and adsorption, the main reason of the modified material can adsorb the ammnoia nitrogen was the nano-zeolite has the capability of ions exchange, the active site to removal phosphate is the rare earth oxide doped on the nano-zeolite.(6)after the measuring and fitting, the adsorption isotherm of ammnoia nitrogen was correspond with the model of Langmuir, the adsorption isotherm of phosphate was correspond with the model of muti-layer.更多还原