论法律中的人文精神

【作者】 刘军；

【导师】 朱成全；

【作者基本信息】 东北财经大学 ， 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 无论从现实的生活来看，还是从国家立法的趋势来看，尤其从法理的内在逻辑来看，人文精神都应该成为我国将要构建的法律体系中不可或缺的基本要素。论文的第一部分对法律中的人文精神进行了界定。人文精神是对人的价值、人的生存意义的关注，是对人的终极关怀。而法律中人文精神则是人文精神在法律领域内的张扬与显现，是法律蕴涵的一种以人为终极关怀对象的精神气质。论文的第二部分分别论述了中国和西方传统法律中人文精神的优势和缺陷。我们在关注中西方传统法律所蕴涵的丰富人文精神资源的同时，也不能忽略传统法律中人文精神的缺陷。中国传统法律虽然有丰富的人文传统，但缺乏理性因素和对个人权利的关注等；西方传统法律虽然有人文精神，但其人文精神偏执宗教信仰、缺乏对群体利益的关怀等。论文的第三部分重点分析了当代中国法律中人文精神的现状及完善的建议。过于追求立法数量、市场经济带来的负面效应、行政机关存在贪污腐败、轻视程序正义、缺乏诚信意识等均为我国法律缺乏人文精神的表现。片面追求法律工具主义、缺乏权利保护意识、封建落后民本思想、社会转型阵痛等原因造成了人文精神在法律中被遮蔽。我们只有超越法律工具主义思想，真正在终极意义上实现法律的人文关怀，才能使法律成为终极目的和生活意义的一部分。只有通过法律对现实社会的公权力实现制衡，对现实的人的物质性和精神性生存与发展的私权利深切关怀，才能实现真正的民主、公平、法治，才能使法律中科学精神和人文精神得以协调发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 The humanistic spirit should be an indispensable element of the legal system that China is trying to construct, both from the perspective of reality and from the perspective of state legislation, especially from the inherent logic of jurisprudence.Part one of the thesis defines what the humanistic spirit is, which is the concern about the value and the meaning of human being, i.e. the eternal care of humanity. The humanistic spirit in law is a concrete embodiment and expression of the spirit of humanism in general and a spiritual ethos of law which takes humanity as the core of eternal care.Part two of the thesis deals with the strength and weakness of the traditional interpretation the humanistic spirit in Chinese and western law. We should not ignore the weakness of the humanistic spirit in traditional law while emphasizing the strength thereof. Regardless of the humanism in traditional Chinese law, there lack rational factors and concerns about individual rights; in spite of the humanistic spirit in traditional western law, there lacks care about the well-being of people as a collectivity with the humanistic spirit focused on religious beliefs.Part three of thesis put emphasis on analyzing the current situation of the humanistic spirit in the contemporary Chinese law and give some suggestions for improvement. The pursuit in a overacted manner of the quantity of legislation, the negative effects of market economy, the bribery and corruption of the administrative authorities, the disregard of procedural justice and the lack of trust consciousness are all evidence of the insufficiency of the humanistic spirit in the current Chinese law, which is due to the pursuit of legal instrumentalism, the lack of awareness of rights protection, the traditional feudal humanism, and the incomplete transition of society. Only by transcending the idea of legal instrumentalism can we achieve the goal of humanistic care in real sense and make law a part of ultimate goal and human life. Only by restricting the public power through law can we make it possible caring about the private rights which are concerned about both the physical and spiritual existence of citizens, accomplish the goal of democracy, fairness and rule of law and make the spirit of science and of humanity in law develop in a coordinated manner.更多还原