基于心理契约理论的知识型员工激励问题研究

【作者】 石巧妮；

【导师】 宋晶；

【作者基本信息】 东北财经大学 ， 企业管理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着知识经济时代的到来，知识型员工成为企业的核心人力资本和企业管理的重要对象。但是，知识型员工是具有个性化、创新精神、自主性强、流动性大、成就欲望强等特点的新型工作群体，如何激励知识型员工给目前企业的人力资源管理工作带来了严峻挑战。事实上，要吸引和激励知识型员工，培养员工的忠诚度，最基本的条件就是要认识和了解知识型员工——了解他们对企业的期望和要求，使知识型员工拥有的权利和得到的回报与他们承担的责任和应尽的义务充分对等，更好地发挥他们的积极性。心理契约是组织和员工之间内隐的相互期望，影响着员工的行为、工作态度、工作绩效、满意度及流动率等。知识型员工比较关注较高层次的需要，包括员工的兴趣、职业生涯发展、个人成长等，而这些需要正是心理契约的核心内容。因此，心理契约理论的引入，对从心理、情感和关系层面来发展组织承诺，培育员工忠诚度，激励知识型员工的工作积极性有着特殊的意义。本文主要以心理契约理论为视角来研究知识型员工的激励问题。首先对国内外心理契约理论、知识型员工的激励问题及目前基于心理契约理论研究知识型员工激励问题的成果进行综述进行文献综述，旨在为下文的研究奠定理论基础；其次以问卷调查为数据基础，进行实证研究，编制《知识型员工心理契约及激励因素调查问卷》，对大连部分企业知识型员工的心理契约结构及激励因素进行调查，结合统计分析和个案访谈结果，进行问卷分析，旨在为下文的研究奠定实证基础；再次结合我国目前知识型员工的激励现状及实证分析的结果，以心理契约理论为理论基础，分别从心理契约结构和心理契约违背两个角度具体分析知识型员工激励问题的原因及影响；最后在上述分析基础上，建立基于心理契约的知识型员工激励模型，阐述这一模型的主要内容和特色，结合激励模型、知识型员工激励问题的原因分析及实证研究结果，提出了基于心理契约理论的知识型员工的激励策略及基于这一理论激励知识型员工应注意的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 With knowledge economy coming, the knowledge workers have become company’s core human capital and the important management object. However, knowledge workers are new work group that possess special character such as individuation, creative spirit, strong sense of independence, liquidity and accomplishment desire.In fact, the basic condition to motive knowledge workers and cultivate their loyalty is to understand knowledge workers, to understand what they want and require to the company, and understand their work value. By doing it, it can make knowledge workers’ duty and obligation equal to their right and return, and make them to bring their enthusiasm into play. Psychology Contact is mutual expectation and ligament between organization and workers. It affects workers’ behavior, attitude, performance, satisfaction and liquidity ratio. Knowledge workers pay more attention on high-level needs, which include employees’ interest, career plan, individual growing, and these needs are core subjects that Psychological Contract includes. As a result, the introduction of Psychology Contact Theory will have special signification to develop organization promises, cultivate their loyalty and motive their enthusiasm from the point of view of psychology, sensibility and relationship.This paper will research the Problem of Knowledge Workers’ Motivation based on Psychological Contract Theory .Firstly, the literature summarizations including Psychology Contact Theory, the Problem of Knowledge Workers’ Motivation and The Study of Knowledge Workers’ Motivation based on Psychological Contract Theory will establish theory foundation for next research. Secondly, using questionnaire research method to design "the questionnaire of Knowledge Workers’ Psychology Contact and Motivation Factor", then carry out research and analyse questionnaire, by dong that ,establish demonstration foundation for next research. Thirdly, based on two major fields of the Psychological Contract Theory, namely Psychological Contract Configuration and Psychological Contract Violation to analyse the reason and the effect of the Problem of Knowledge Workers’ Motivation. At last, in the view of Psychological Contract Theory, build "The Model of Knowledge Workers’ Motivation based on Psychological Contract", and expatiate this model’s subject and character. Then combine Motivation Model, reason analysis of knowledge workers’ motivation and demonstration result to advance the Knowledge Workers’ Motivation tactics based on Psychology Contact Theory, and the other attentive questions to knowledge workers’ motivation based on this theory.更多还原