【作者】 郭芳；

【导师】 张世雄；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 采矿工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 露天矿的边坡稳定性分析是矿业领域很多专家和学者关注的一个重点，边坡的稳定与否直接关系着露天矿的安全生产能否顺利进行。而若在露天边坡下进行地采，由于露天和地下开采相互影响会产生复杂次生应力场，这种次生应力场更易导致边坡失稳，使得边坡的稳定性分析变得更加复杂。目前用于边坡稳定性分析的方法大体上可分为定性分析方法和定量分析方法两大类。定性分析方法包括工程类比法和图解法(赤平极射投影、实体比例投影、摩擦圆法等)，定量分析方法主要有极限平衡法、极限分析法(有限元(FEM)、边界元(BEM)、离散元(DEM)等)及可靠度分析方法(蒙特卡罗法和随机有限元法等)。这些分析方法各有其优点，但是分析过程及其结果的表述都要具备非常扎实的专业背景才能看明白，如何以直观明了的方式来分析边坡的稳定性，并将分析过程与结果以可视化的方式展示正是本论文所要研究的内容。论文利用山西平朔煤炭工业公司露天矿不采区的GPS监测资料，在ArcView GIS平台上构建不采区三维地表模型，真实再现了原始不采区地形地貌的三维景观。在此模型上对监测资料进行整理，提取等高线、坡度、坡向、任意点的三维坐标值等信息，然后综合监测资料和提取的相关信息进行综合分析，并将分析过程及其结果在GIS平台上进行展示。由于安太堡东帮已有多处坍塌，分析其稳定性已没有意义，故对这个区域侧重于分析坍塌的规律与原因。分析的结果表明在露天矿边坡下进行井工开采时，离井工矿越近，边坡的稳定性越差，而且在坡度大、坡度变化比较大又有裂隙的区域容易发生坍塌。而对于安家岭露天矿北帮，由于在整个监测的时间段内只是某些监测点发生了位移变化，还并没出现坍塌或滑坡的现象，故对这个边坡的稳定性进行了分析，分析主要侧重于坡度、离井工矿的距离、水、裂隙等因素对边坡稳定性的影响，并根据位移速率的大小对危险等级进行了划分，在GIS平台上查询不同的监测时间内各监测点受上述因素的影响其危险等级的变化规律，分析结果表明水对存在裂隙的局部区域的稳定性有很大的影响，另外，通过分析安家岭露天矿北帮各监测点危险级别的变化情况即大部分的监测点的危险等级由大变小可知，伴随着应力分布逐步达到平衡状态，安家岭北帮在整个监测时间段内暂时处于稳定状态，但随着井工开采向安家岭北帮移动，其稳定性会越来越差。更多还原

【Abstract】 Many specialists in mining field pay close attention to slope stability analysis of open-pit mine, which relate to the safety production of open-pit mine. The stability analysis would become more complicate when the secondary stress field exists, which appears during opencast mining and underground mining. There are two different kinds of methods to analyze slope stability, at present, i.e. qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. Qualitative analysis including project analogism and graphic solution, and quantitative analysis mainly including limit equilibrium method (LME), limit analysis method(FEM, BEM, DEM etc.) and reliability analysis methods (Monte Carlo simulation method and stochastic finite element method etc.). The excellent special knowledge is necessary to understand the above methods, while this thesis will give the slope stability analysis in easy understanding methods and show the analyses process and its conclusion visually.The thesis builds a 3D geo-model of non-mining area on ArcView GIS with GPS monitoring information from Shanxi Province Pingshuo Coal Industry Corporation, and the model reappear the landscape of non-mining area visually. Based on the model, we arranged given data and derived contour line, slope, aspect and 3D coordinate of any points. For the east slope of Antaibao, we focus on the rules and reasons of its collapse. The analyses shows that the distance to slope more near its stability is more poor when underground mining is under open-pit slope and collapse happen more easily while slope is more steep or slope degree changes more frequently with cracks.The slope stability analysis is given for the north slope of Anjialing open-pit where only several monitoring sites appear displacement and no collapse or landslide happened during the whole monitoring period. The analyses focus on the influence of those factors such as slope, distance to underground mine, water and crack on slope stability. Based on the rate of slide speed, the dangerous rank is specified. The different dangerous ranks for each monitoring site can be checked through GIS situation. Analysis results show that water influences the stability of local sites with cracks seriously. It is shown that the north slope of Anjialing became stable as stress distribution achieves a balance situation , at the same time the dangerous ranks of different monitoring sites vary from high to low. However, as underground mining move to the north slope of anjialing step by step, its stability will became poor at last.更多还原