【作者】 董亮；

【导师】 简国树；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 光学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 光子扫描隧道显微镜(PSTM)是一种新近发展起来的能够突破传统光学显微镜的分辨率极限的高分辨光学显微镜，适用于透光样品以及对观察样品的无损探测，在透光材料，医学，生物领域具有诸多应用。探针作为光子隧道扫描显微镜的关键部件之一，对高分辨，高效率地获取真实的样品形貌图像具有十分重要的作用。由于样品和探针的相互作用的过程非常复杂，其物理模型构成多体散射电磁系统，严格的理论分析和解析方程表达十分困难，因此数值模拟的方法在近场光学的研究中占有重要地位。其中，时域有限差分法是各种数值模拟方法中相对简捷有效的方法，在近场光学数值模拟中有着广泛的应用。光纤探针作为PSTM成像的关键因素，受到了广泛的关注。但是在本课题组以往的工作中已注意到对介质样品和介质探针的近场成像分辨率和灵敏度很差，甚至用只激励探针尖一小部分的方法回避这一问题。本论文对此作了改进，用激励全部探针尖方法重新作了数值模拟，得出的结果是PSTM在入射波方向分辨率仅为100多纳米，而在垂直于入射波方向更差。为了减少FDTD误差，对程序作了改进，采用高性能的UPML边界算法替代以前的MUR边界算法。本课题组以往的工作中已注意到探针尖带纳米尺度的金属颗粒，可以提高近场光学显微镜的分辨率和灵敏度，但工艺不易实现，颗粒易脱落。针对这一问题，我们已提出所谓用纳米薄膜解决方案，即介质探针外再镀含纳米颗粒薄膜方案，并对二维情形作了数值模拟。本文在此基础上，对三维情况的纳米薄膜探针作了数值模拟，进一步证实了这是一个高分辨，高效率，不易损坏，工艺易实现的一种新型近场光学显微镜设计方案，从而为制备这种光纤探针提供理论支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 Photon scanning tunneling microscope (PSTM) is a newly-developed high-resolution optical microscope which can break the resolution limit in optical microscopy. It can detect the sample harmlessly or study the live cells. Thus, it is applied in various fields such as transparent material, biological and medical sciences. Optical-fiber probe is a key component to obtain a true morphology imaging of the sample with high resolusion and efficiency. Since the interactions between the probe and the samples are complicated, the physical model is a multi-body scattering electromagnetical system, a strict theory and analytical expression is very difficult to achieve. Therefore, numerical simulation method occupies an important position in the near-field optics. Among all kinds of the simulation methods, the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method is a simple and effective algorithm and widely applied in the near-field optical numerical simulation.In the PSTM optical imaging, probe as a key factor got widespread concerns. But in the past, our team has noted that the resolution and sensitivity of the near-field imaging for the media-samples and media- probe is poor, even for exciting a small part of probe tip. In this paper, we improved the work by exciting all the probe tips in numerical simulation. The results show that PSTM have a resolution of only 100 nanometers or more in the incident light direction, and even worse in the perpendicular direction. In order to reduce the error of FDTD, we have improved the program, using high performance border algorithm UPML instead of Mur border algorithm. Our team previously had taken note of the work of the probe tip with nano scale metal particles. This kind of probe can improve near-field optical microscope resolution and sensitivity, but it is difficult to apply as the particles may drop. To solve this problem, we have proposed a design of so- called nanostructure thin film, which is media-probe plated by a thin film including nano metal particles, and made a two-dimensional numerical simulation. Based on this simulation, this paper has made a three-dimensional numerical simulation, and further proved that this is a high-resolution, efficient, producible, and invulnerable design to achieve a new near-field optical microscope更多还原