【作者】 陈卉；

【导师】 柯昌美；

【作者基本信息】 武汉科技大学 ， 环境工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 聚合物/无机纳米复合材料是纳米材料中的一类具有重要应用价值的新型材料,这种材料兼具有机高分子和无机纳米材料的综合优点。纳米CaCO₃是一种重要的功能性无机填料,被广泛地应用于塑料、橡胶、涂料和造纸等工业领域。目前制备聚合物/CaCO₃纳米复合材料的主要方法是先将纳米CaCO₃经硅烷偶联剂或钛酸酯偶联剂等表面改性剂进行表面改性,再与聚氯乙烯（PVC）等高聚物进行共混得到,或经表面改性后在位分散聚合得到。而未见不加表面改性剂直接在聚合物中生成纳米CaCO₃及其复合材料的报道,也未见有用纳米微乳液来对纳米CaCO₃进行表面改性的报道。本论文在综述了近年来聚合物基有机-无机纳米复合材料的制备与应用的基础上,在不加任何表面改性剂的条件下,采用原位生成法合成了聚丙烯酸酯/CaCO₃纳米复合材料;采用微乳液聚合法合成了高固含量的纯丙微乳液;应用市售的普通纯丙乳液和自制的纯丙微乳液对纳米CaCO₃进行了表面改性,然后将改性的纳米CaCO₃粒子与聚氯乙烯（PVC）共混,制备了PVC/CaCO₃纳米复合材料。通过XRD、FT-IR、UV-Vis、SEM和TG等对聚丙烯酸酯/CaCO₃纳米复合材料的结构和性能进行了表征。实验结果表明,随着无机组成含量的增加,颗粒粒径的分布逐渐变大,当无机组分质量分数为3%～8%时,复合材料中纳米粒子的粒径可控制在100nm以内,且复合材料的热稳定性能显著提高;对经由纯丙和纯丙微乳液改性的纳米CaCO₃及由此得到的PVC/CaCO₃纳米复合材料进行了结构与性能的测试与表征。实验结果表明,自制的纯丙微乳液改性效果明显优于普通纯丙乳液;经由纯丙微乳液改性的纳米碳酸钙能均匀地分散于PVC中,并且当纳米CaCO₃的含量达10%时,该PVC/CaCO₃纳米复合材料的综合性能最好。更多还原

【Abstract】 The polymer/inorganic nano-composites is a nanometer material which is an important application value new material, and this kind of material have the advantage of organic macromolecular and inorganic nanometer material. Nanometer CaCO₃ is an important functional inorganic filling material, widely applied to industry fields of plastic, rubber, coatings, papermaking, and so on. At present, the main method of preparing polymer /CaCO₃ nano-composites is as follow: firstly the surface of nanometer CaCO₃ is modified by silane coupling agent or titanate coupling agent, then blended with PVC, or in-situ disperse polymerization after surface modification to obtain. But it hasn’t been reported that the nanometer CaCO₃ was prepared without the surface active agent directly, either has applied nanometer micro-emulsion to modify nanometer CaCO₃.This thesis has summed up the synthesis methods and applications of polymeric organic-inorganic nano-composites. We used the in-situ synthesis method to synthesize Acrylic resin/ CaCO₃ nano-composites without any surface active agent. The high solid content Pure-acrylate micro-emulsion was synthesized by way of micro-emulsion polymerization. We used market pure-acrylate emulsion and the self-made pure-acrylate micro-emulsion to modify nanometer CaCO₃, then blended with polyvinyl chloride （PVC） to prepare PVC/CaCO₃ nano-composites.The structure and properties of nanocomposites were investigated by XRD、FT-IR、UV-Vis、SEM and TG.. The experimental result indicated that, along with the inorganic composition content increase, the particle size distribution gradually changes in a big way, when the inorganic component quality is 3% 8%, the nanocomposites particle size could be controlled in 100nm, also the thermal stability remarkably enhanced. The structure and the properties of modified nanometer CaCO₃ and PVC/CaCO₃ nano-composites were investigated.The experimental result indicated that the effect of modified nanometer CaCO₃ self-made pure-acrylate micro-emulsion is better than market pure-acrylate emulsion. Modified nanometer calcium carbonate can evenly disperse in PVC. When modified nanometer calcium carbonate add to PVC in the quantity is 10%, overall properties of PVC/CaCO₃ nano-composites is the best.更多还原