【作者】 吴锐；

【导师】 何国庚；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 制冷及低温工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 冰浆是含有微小冰晶粒子的固液两相溶液,其具有较好的流动性和巨大的相变潜热,可作为一种优良的蓄冷或载冷介质,适用于大规模和高密度的冷量储存和输送,冰浆技术可以极大的促进直接接触冷却和间接冷却方式的应用和推广。目前冰浆的制取方式是冰浆研究的关键课题之一,现有商用的制取装置结构复杂,故障频繁并且价格昂贵,大大地限制了冰浆的应用,因此研发节能高效和性能稳定的制取方式及装置是十分必要和紧迫的。本文对各种制取方式给予了阐释,进行了性能比较,并指出过冷法连续制冰方式具备高效节能和结构简单的优点,是将来主要的研究方向之一。文章分析了静水中冰晶生成的基础原理,对过冷水中的成核过程分均质成核和异质成核进行了阐述和计算。一般情况下,水在管内会发生结冰极并极可能产生冰堵,会造成系统运行的不稳定,本文对过冷水在管内结冰的影响因素进行了分析,并结合实验装置进行了相关实验,指出对冷却壁面的温度和表面状况进行控制是防止结冰的关键影响因素。根据上述原理,对过冷却器壁面采用醇酸清漆(高分子材料)进行涂层的处理,提高了壁面光洁度和疏水性,减小发生管内结冰的可能性。基于过冷法原理,本文给出了一套结构简单和切实可行的动态冰浆制取装置。采用纯净水和自来水为制冰介质,乙二醇溶液为二次冷媒,在不同实验条件下进行过冷水冰浆生成实验,结果表明可以获得均匀的冰浆产品,该装置能够达到动态和连续制冰的目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ice slurry is solid-liquid two-phase solution with huge minute ice crystals in it. And ice slurry, equipped with good flowability and giant phase change latent heat, can be used as a good kind of coolant for cold storage or large-scale and high-density cold energy transfer. So, ice slurry is able to accelerate the promotion or application of direct-contact or indirect cooling ways.Nowadays, the ways to produce ice slurry effectively are the key points on ice slurry technology. Because the commercial devices have complex structures, frequent faulties and expensive price, the defects extremely limit the application of ice slurry. So it’s extraordinary necessary and urgent to develop the energy-saving, high-effective and performance steady generative modes and devices. This article review the various generative ways and analyse the relevant performance. And it’s finded that supercooled way is one of the most potential modes, and it is equipped with high-effective and simply structural merits.The fundamental researches on ice crystals generating in statice supercooled water are analysed in this article. And homogeneous nucleation and heterogeneous nucleation ways of nucleation process are analysed and calculated. In general , water may freeze in tube and most likely blockage occur in the end, which make the unstable-instability of the system. This article analyse the coherent influencing factor of freezing and make the coherent experiments. It’s found to control the temperature and surface appearance of supercooled wall is key point on freezing process. Based on theory mentioned above, a film of alcoholic acid varnish coat is covered on cooling wall, which can arise the smoothness and hydrophobicity and reduce the probability of freezing in tube.Based on the supercooled theory, a set of simple and feasible dynamic ice slurry generator is set up in this article, which use the pure water and tape water as the test sample and the ethylene alcohol. Uniform ice crystals are obtained in the experiments, and the generator can reach the dynamic and continuous performance goals.更多还原