【作者】 王梅；

【导师】 李姚矿；

【作者基本信息】 合肥工业大学 ， 公共管理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 自道德产生以来，人的行为就有遵守或违反道德原则的可能。银行业作为经营货币的特殊企业，在经营过程中也存在着道德风险的可能。银行业道德风险是指银行业务交易主体及操作人员为最大限度地增进自身效益，而违背诚实信用原则或客观合同的规定，从而损害他人利益的行为所产生的风险。银行业道德风险会使银行的资产结构和安全、银行的获得能力和水平、以及银行的信誉和对其它风险的控制都构成了巨大的威胁；将导致银行不良资产增加，甚至于银行倒闭的灭顶之灾。近年来，我国银行业大案、要案层出不穷，扰乱了金融秩序的正常运行，给银行资金、国家财产造成巨大损失，而且损害了公众对银行业的信心，给银行声誉带来重大影响。而对这些大要案进行分析，都与银行经营过程中产生的道德风险有一定关系。在我国，对银行业道德风险问题的关注还是近几年的事，特别是九七年亚洲金融危机爆发，很多经济学家归因于无处不在的道德风险。目前，道德风险已成为我国银行业不良资产形成的重要原因和影响我国金融稳定的重要因素。如何防范和治理银行业的道德风险，是摆在我们面前一个必须直面、不容回避的问题。为了对症下药，本论文全面论述了道德风险产生的原因，如：银行业内部控制不力、外部监管不到位、政府的隐性担保以及缺乏与市场经济相匹配的诚信理念、信用环境较差等。本文的主要目的就是希望通过提出一些制度和措施，防范和化解银行业的道德风险，避免金融案件的发生，为银行业的稳定、健康发展尽一份绵薄之力。“道德风险”于上世纪七十年代引入我国，在国内研究的时间还不长，目前，人们对道德风险有着不同的理解，有的甚至是曲解或误解，把道德风险与职业道德联系在一起，混为一谈。因此，本文在第二章对道德风险的基本认识作了全面的介绍，包括道德风险的含义、特点和表现形式；道德风险的危害和产生的原因在第三章里进行了详细的论述；本文的重点放在第四章，提出了防范和化解银行业道德风险的措施和建议。主要包括：对银行业进行产权制度改革；加强内部控制和外部监管；建立存款保险制度；完善信用体系建设以及建立良好的企业文化等。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the emergence of morality, it is possible for human behavior to obey to or break the moral rules. This is also true to the banking sector, which is the special enterprise of monetary management. The meaning of banking moral hazard is that the business dealing subjects and the operators, who want to improve their own benefit to a maximum, break the principle of honesty and credit or the regulation of objective contracts and then do great damage to others’ interests.Banking moral hazard poses great threats to the banking asset structure and security, the bank getting ability and level, the reputation of banks and the control over other risks. In addition, it will increase the bad assets and make bank face the disaster of bankruptcy. In recent years, a large number of major cases and important cases are emerging in China. This disturbs the normal operation of financial order, causes a great loss to the banking fund and national property and has a bad influence on the bank reputation. It is easy to see that the analysis of those cases all have something to do with moral hazard. In China, the focus on the banking moral hazard only begins in recent years. Many economists attribute the Asian Financial Crisis in 1997 to the moral hazard which they think existed everywhere. Nowadays, moral hazard has become the main reason for the bad assets in Chinese banking sectors and the major factor influencing the financial stability.How to prevent and govern moral hazard is an unavoidable problem facing us now. To work out an appropriate treatment, this paper will formulate the reasons of moral hazard, such as the inefficiency of internal control, lack of external supervision, the loss of the credit ideas of marketing economy and the bad credit environment and etc. The main objective of the paper is to prevent and resolve moral hazard in banking sectors and avoid the occurrence of financial cases by suggesting some optional systems and countermeasures.Moral hazard was brought into China in 70s of 20^th century and there are still few researches on it. Nowadays, people have different understandings of the meaning of moral hazard and some even hold misunderstanding. They mix up the moral hazard and professional morality. Therefore, this paper will explain the basic knowledge of moral hazard in chapter two, including the definition, characteristic and forms of moral hazard. The harms and causes of moral hazard will be elaborated in chapter three. Then I put in chapter four the main points of the paper, which are the measures and suggestions of preventing and resolving banking moral hazard. They are the reforms of property system in banking sectors; the reinforcement of internal control and external supervision; the establishment of deposit insurance system; the perfection of credit system and the creation of better corporate culture.更多还原