【作者】 钱崑；

【导师】 孙彦平；

【作者基本信息】 太原理工大学 ， 化学工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 染料敏化TiO₂纳米晶太阳能电池（DSC电池）是一种新型光电化学太阳能电池，它制作工艺简单、成本低和性能稳定，并且对环境良性，具有很好的应用前景。但与目前在太阳能电池市场得到广泛应用的硅太阳能电池相比，染料敏化太阳能电池的光电转换效率极低，因此提高染料敏化太阳能电池的光电转换效率是太阳能电池研究的一个重要方面，而TiO₂阳极的制备条件和敏化剂的选用对提高太阳能电池的光电转换效率有很大影响。目前大多数染料敏化太阳能电池都是以联吡啶钌人工合成染料为光敏剂，但天然染料以其制备工艺简单，成本低，简单易得等特点使其有很大的研究价值及应用潜力。在有关天然染料敏化太阳能电池的文献中，TiO₂阳极制备条件都延用了以人工合成染料为敏化剂的太阳能电池阳极的制备条件，并没有考查二者的异同。本文从最常见的常青树树叶中提取色素作为染料敏化太阳能电池的光敏化剂，以TiO₂纳米多孔膜为阳极、碳修饰的导电玻璃为阴极、I^-／I₃^-溶液为电解质，组装太阳能电池，测试其光电性能。实验过程中分别改变乙酰丙酮用量、OP乳化剂用量、烧结温度、恒温时间、研磨时间等实验参数，探索天然染料敏化TiO₂太阳能电池阳极制备条件的优化。实验结果表明当乙酰丙酮0.10mL、OP乳化剂0.10mL、烧结温度500℃、恒温时间30分钟、研磨时间60分钟时，自制的天然染料敏化TiO₂太阳能电池的开路电压和短路电流达到极大值，电池的光电性能最佳。天然染料敏化太阳能电池与人工合成染料敏化太阳能电池在阳极制备方面条件基本一致，只有在烧结温度方面略有差别，分别为500℃和450℃。文中进一步从白菜叶、绿茶茶叶中提取色素，比较了从常青树树叶、白菜叶、绿茶茶叶中提取的色素作为光敏剂对太阳能电池性能的影响，结果表明由绿茶茶叶敏化的DSC太阳能电池其开路电压和短路电流最大，电池效果最好，其原因是绿茶茶叶的主要成份茶多酚与TiO₂膜的结合以化学吸附为主，且其中有较多的羟基，这些羟基起着染料生色和与催化剂表面链接的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Dye sensitized nanocrystalline solar cell （DSSC） is a new type of photoelectric chemical solar cell with simple preparation procedure, low cost, stable photo-to-electric performance and friendly environment action, which make it a alternative of photo-to-electric devices. Comparing to the silicon solar cell the DSSC has lower photo-to-electric efficiency. So to improve the photo-to-electric efficiency of DSSC has an important significance for the research of DSSC. The preparative conditions of anode for TiO₂ dye-sensitized solar cell and choosing of dye have a considerable influence on improvement of the photo-to-electric efficiency of DSSC.At present ruthenium polypyridyl complex as dye are used for a majority of DSSC, whereas natural dye has great investigative value and applied potential because of the simple preparation technique, widely available and low cheap cost. In many works of DSSC, the similarity of preparative conditions of TiO₂ anode for both natural dye and man-made dye were reported, but the difference of the preparative conditions between them has not discussed yet.In this paper, dye-sensitized solar cell assembled with the cathode of conductive glass coated with carbon, an anode of TiO₂ porous film on a conductive glass substrate anchored, natural dyes extracted from leaves of Evergreen Tree, and an electrolyte of iodide/triildide. To explore the optimization of preparative conditions of anode for TiO₂ DSSC by changing the preparative conditions, namely, the amount of acetylacetone and octylphenylether, sintered temperature, grinding time and keeping temperature. The results indicated the experimental unit of DSSC reached maximum open-circuit voltage and short-circuit under the conditions of acetylacetone of 0.1ml, octylphenylether polyethylene of 0.1ml, sintered at 500°C for 30 min and grinding continuously for 60 min.The difference of preparative conditions of anode for TiO₂ between natural dye and man-made dye DSSC was found out that the sintered temperature in the natural dye sensitized solar cell is 500% and in the man-made dye solar cell is 450%.Furthermore the photoelectric performances of the dye-sensitized solar cell unit were compared among three natural dyes extracted from leaves of Evergreen Tree, Cabbage and Green Tea. The result showed that the dye extracted from of green tea performed the best photosensitized effect not only due to the chemisorption between the basis of green tea and the surface of TiO₂ porous film, but also the hydroxyl group of green tea bound with the surface of TiO₂ porous film.更多还原