【作者】 文辉；

【导师】 张平；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 教育经济与管理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 从20世纪80年代以来，随着高等教育的不断发展，我国个人高等教育需求呈现不断增长和多样化的趋势。个人的高等教育不仅是一项个人抉择，还是一项家庭决定，关系到社会的方方面面。本研究在回顾总结有关家庭背景研究的基础上，提出以家庭经济资本、社会资本、文化资本为衡量指标，结合个人学业成绩，探讨家庭背景对个人高等教育需求的影响。本研究通过实证分析，试图发现家庭背景与高等教育需求的相互关系，以期为我们审视微观层面的学校供给行为提供线索，为宏观层面的教育决策提供有价值的信息，也为个人对高等教育的选择提供重要参考。以往的研究大多是以在校大学生或是居民为研究对象，难免因信息、关心程度等因素的影响无法准确估计他们的高等教育的需求意愿和影响因素。鉴于个人和家庭对高等教育需求的选择实际上是学生在高中阶段做出的，高中阶段对高等教育需求的表达更接近于个人及其家庭的真实想法。同时，考虑到我国高校招生的客观情况，对大学生的调查实际上应该是对高等教育选择结果的调查。因此，本文选用高中毕业班学生为调查对象，分析和研究我国家庭背景对个人和家庭的高等教育需求的选择，可以更真实地揭示家庭背景对高等教育需求的影响。本文由四部分、六章组成：第一部分为第一章，以高中毕业生及其家庭面临对高等教育的不同选择为切入点，提出了家庭背景因素对于个人高等教育需求的重要影响，并阐明了研究的目的和意义，提出了本文的研究思路；第二部分为第二章和第三章，为理论分析和假设形成部分。这部分首先对家庭背景和高等教育需求的相关研究进行梳理，在此基础上，提出用家庭经济资本、社会资本和文化资本来表征家庭背景，以选择不同的大学层次、专业和区域来表征不同的高等教育需求。然后根据这两个领域内的学术观点，形成本文的理论模型和研究假设；第三部分包括第四章和第五章，为实证研究部分。首先对本文的研究方法进行了介绍，包括变量及测量方法、本研究所用的分析技术等，然后对本研究收集到的12所中学的数据进行处理和分析，包括研究使用量表的信度分析、变量的主成分提取、研究主要变量的相关分析、回归分析以及交互作用的分析。第四部分是第六章为结论部分。通过研究分析，本文得出以下结论：(1)本研究构建了高中生的家庭背景对其高等教育需求的理论模型。(2)本研究证明了在控制学业成绩的条件下，高中生的家庭社会资本对其名牌大学需求的影响最大，正向预测力最强；家庭文化资本对其名牌大学需求影响次之，正向预测力相对较小；家庭经济资本对其名牌大学的需求没有显著影响。(3)本研究检验了在控制学业成绩的条件下，高中生的家庭经济资本对其大学专业需求的影响最大，正向预测力最强；家庭社会资本对其大学专业需求的影响次之，正向预测力相对较小；家庭文化资本对其大学专业的需求没有显著影响。(4)在控制学业成绩的条件下，高中生的家庭社会资本对其大学区域的需求的影响最大，正向预测力最强；家庭经济资本对其大学区域的需求的影响次之，正向预测力相对较小；家庭文化资本对其大学区域的需求没有显著的影响。(5)性别变量对学生的家庭背景和高等教育需求的关系有一定的影响。当以对名牌大学需求为因变量并控制学业成绩时，家庭社会资本和性别、文化资本和性别均发生了显著的交互作用；当控制学业成绩，以对大学专业为因变量时，经济资本和性别也发生了显著交互作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 From the 80’s in 20 centuries, the personal higher education needs of our country present to increase continuously and diverse trend. It is not only a personal choice, but also a decision of the whole family. This research puts forward taking economic capital, social capital, cultural capital of the family as the index signs to measure the SES, in looking back the foundation of the summary relevant SES research. The aim is to try to find the correlation between the SES and the higher education demanding. In this way, We hope the conclusion can be the important reference for the personal choice in higher education, and provide clues to the providing behavior of universities, and be the worthy information for the education decision, also.The paper is divided into four parts. The first part is Chapter 1. It puts forward the impacts of SES on individual demand for higher education and gives the purpose of this paper and research framework; In the second part, which includes Chapter 2 and Chapter 3, a literary review will be given about SES and higher educational demanding. Based on these work, we use economic capital, social capital, cultural capital as the indicators of students’ SES, then we give 9 hypotheses to continue our research; Part three is the empirical study, which include Chapter 4 and Chapter 5. The dates, which are collected by sending out questionnaires to 12 senior high schools in Sichuan Province, are analyzed by statistic method including reliability analysis, factor analysis, correlate analysis and regression analysis. The results show that 6 hypotheses are supported by the analysis, while 3 hypotheses are not supported; Chapter 6 is the last part, it is the conclusion part including the main results of the research.Through the research, the conclusions are got as follows:(1) A theoretical model of analyzing private demand for higher education is developed.(2) This research proves that under the condition of controlling the achievement, the family social capital takes the most significant and positive effect on the demanding of the famous brand university, and the cultural capital takes smaller significant and positive effect, and the family economic capital has no obvious promotion function.(3) Under the condition of controlling the achievement, the family economic capital has the most obvious promotion function to the need of the university major, and the family social capital has smaller obvious promotion function, and the family cultural capital has no obvious promotion function.(4) Under the condition of controlling the achievement, the family social capital has the most obvious promotion function to the need of the university district, and the family economic capital has smaller obvious promotion function, and the family cultural capital has no obvious promotion function.(5) Sex variable has certain influence on the relationship of students’ SES and Higher Education Demand. When being dependent variable with the famous brand university, the family social capital and sex, the family cultural capital and sex all occur notable interactive influence, under the condition of controlling the achievement; when being dependent variable with the university major, the family cultural capital and sex occur notable interactive influence also.更多还原