【作者】 马丽芳；

【导师】 陈永革；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 诉讼法学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 直到上世纪90年代的财税改革，我国才有了现代意义上的政府采购制度。经过近年来的迅速发展，政府采购已经成为市场经济条件下加强财政支出管理，延伸财政支出监督职能，规范政府消费行为，从源头抑制腐败的一种有效手段。而政府采购是通过政府与供应商之间结成合同关系进行的，政府采购合同的授予和履行过程中往往会出现许多争议，完善其救济制度是十分必要的。目前，主要存在着非讼和诉讼两类救济制度。其中，非讼救济制度因其具有成本低、效率高等诉讼救济制度无可比拟的优势，政府采购合同争议发生后，争议者首先会选择通过非讼手段进行解决。所以非讼救济制度在各国的政府采购救济制度中占据着十分重要的地位，因此也成为学者研究的重点。但是也应当看到，诉讼作为最公正、最权威、最终极的救济途径，在政府采购合同救济机制中仍占据着不可动摇的地位。当其他方式无法使当事人的权利得到救济时，向司法机关提起诉讼是权利人寻求救济的最终途径。目前，我国已经陆续颁布了一系列关于政府采购的法律、法规，特别是2003年实施的《政府采购法》，但是由于制度设计的不足和立法的不完善，使得现实的诉讼救济途径并不畅通，我们有必要借鉴当前其他国家及地区的先进经验，并有针对性的完善我国政府采购合同诉讼救济制度，以最大限度发挥政府采购合同的功能。本文将从五个方面进行论述：第一部分是对政府采购合同诉讼救济制度研究现状的综述。笔者根据在研究本论题过程中搜集的资料对国内外目前研究的现状进行了简要的介绍，并对本文的重点和创新点进行了说明。第二部分是对政府采购合同诉讼救济制度基本理论的一个梳理。对政府采购合同诉讼救济制度的涵义和调整范围进行了界定，明确了政府采购合同授予和履行阶段的争议都可以通过诉讼方式解决。并对政府采购合同诉讼救济制度的理论基础进行了论证，即权力制约理论、公民诉权保护理论、司法最终救济原则。第三部分是对我国政府采购合同诉讼救济制度现状的描述，通过在立法及实践层面的考察，提出了我国当前政府采购合同诉讼救济制度在立法及具体制度设计方面的不足，并对其主要成因进行了反思：当前立法的混乱主要是由于对政府采购合同性质定位存在偏差。随后对政府采购合同的性质进行了简要分析，指出政府采购合同具有民事、行政的双重性，应该建立起有针对性的诉讼救济制度。第四部分中对世贸组织政府采购协定及欧共体救济指令中诉讼救济制度的相关规定进行了简单介绍，继而考察了英美法系及大陆法系的部分国家及地区的政府采购合同诉讼救济制度，对其共性进行小结，指出我国完善政府采购合同诉讼救济制度时可资借鉴之处。第五部分在对我国政府采购合同诉讼救济制度现状分析，以及对两大法系国家及地区比较考察的基础上，笔者对完善我国政府采购合同诉讼救济制度提出了一点看法：一方面，制度的完善应当遵循公正、快捷、有效的原则；另一方面，根据政府采购合同的性质特点和存在的争议类型，针对当前诉讼救济制度的不足从以下三个方面入手，首先是明确不同争议适用的诉讼方式；其次是对具体规则进行有针对性的设计；最后是在现行诉讼体系下构建纳税人诉讼制度以维护公共利益。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the 1990 ’s the finance and taxation reforms, china had the modern significance government procurement system. After the rapid development of recent years, the government procurement has become an effective method to strengthen the expenditure management, to extend the expenditure surveillance function, to standardize government expense behavior, and to suppress the corrupt from source under the market economy condition. But government procurement is formed through a contractual relationship between the government and the suppliers. It is, therefore, imperative to improve its relief system because many disputes will appear in the course of awarding and fulfilling in the government procurement contract. At present, there are mainly two kinds of relief systems: non-litigation and litigation. Among them, non-litigation relief system, because of the incomparable advantages in the litigation relief system, such as low cost and high efficiency, should become the first choice to settle up after the government contract disputed. Therefore, non-litigation relief system of government procurement in all countries occupies a very important position and it has become the focus of the scholar’s study. But we should also realize that litigation relief system ,as the fairest、the most authoritative、the ultimate relief way, still holds an unshakable position in the relief systems of government procurement contracts. When through the other ways could not make the relief, the litigant put forward suitable judiciary as the final way to seek relief.At present, China has successively promulgated a series of government procurement laws and regulations, especially the "government procurement law" in 2003. But because of the lack of system design and legislation, litigation relief system isn’t unimpeded. In order to maximize the functions of government procurement contracts, we should learn from the advanced experience of other countries and regions and establish a pertinent government procurement contracts relief system. In this thesis, five aspects are list as following:In the first part, it is the summary of the current of the government procurement contracts litigation relief system. According to the process of gathering information to study the subject of the current study abroad; the writer gives a brief illustration of the focus and innovation.In the second part, the author sorts up a basic theory of government procurement contracts litigation relief. It defines the meaning and scope of adjustment of the government procurement contracts litigation relief system, and confirms the disputes in the stage of awarding and fulfilling of the government procurement contract can be resolved. And the basic theories of litigation relief system in government procurement contracts, which is authority restriction theory、civil litigation protection theory and the principle of final judicial relief, are also proved.In the third part, it describes the current government procurement contracts litigation relief. Through the inspection of the current government procurement contracts in legislation and practice, it proposes that the shortage in the legislation and the concrete system design aspect of China’s government procurement contracts, and reflects the main causes: the chaos in legislation is mainly caused by bias of the character definition of the government procurement contract. It also gives a brief analysis and indicates two sides both civilization and government for it, so it should establish the pertinence litigation relief system. In the forth part, it gives the brief introduce about the related rules of litigation relief system in the WTO and the European Economic Community. Subsequently it inspects the government procurement contract relief system of the partial countries with Anglo-America legal system and the continent legal system, and carries on the summary of its common character, then points the spot, which we can use for reference when it improves our country’s government procurement contract lawsuit relief system.In the fifth part, based on analysis of our country government procurement contract lawsuit relief system present situation and the comparative investigation of two jurisprudence countries and regions, the author puts toward some ideas to improve it. Justice, efficient, effective principles, should be followed. According to the typed of disputes of the characteristics of government procurement contracts, and in view of the inadequacies of the current proceedings relief, the author think that it should be improved from the following three aspects: the first, to define every suitable method applied to different case; the second, a pertinent design for concrete regulation; the last, to establish taxpayers litigation system for protection publish interest under the current litigation system-更多还原