论没收财产刑

【作者】 梁艳；

【导师】 向朝阳；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 刑法学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 没收财产刑是以剥夺犯罪人一定的金钱财物为内容的刑罚方法。其在历史上发挥过重要的作用，有其存在的历史必然性。进入现代国家，基于私有财产神圣不可侵犯等理念，许多国家减少乃至废除了没收财产刑。但进入20世纪末，21世纪初，没收财产刑随着私有财产神圣不可侵犯的财产观念的变迁和有组织犯罪的猖獗，在一些国家被重新启用。作为我国刑事法治中的一个重要组成部分，探寻没收财产刑的正当性，反思我国没收财产刑存在的问题，从而提出合理的完善途径，关系着我国刑事法治系统的良性运转，关系着没收财产刑刑罚目的实现。因此，有必要对没收财产刑进行系统全面的研究。本文以如何完善没收财产刑为研究归宿，采用纵向与横向相结合的方法对没收财产刑的历史演变做了综述比较，阐述没收财产刑的基本理论，在此基础上分析反思我国没收财产刑的现状，针对我国没收财产刑存在问题提出完善途径。文章共由引言、正文和结论三大部分组成。引言引出对没收财产刑的论述，初步表达自己的观点。正文包括四章内容。即对没收财产刑历史沿革和基本理论进行概述，反思我国没收财产刑现状，论述没收财产刑存在的正当性，在此基础上指出我国没收财产刑的完善途径。第一章是没收财产刑的历史沿革。首先，对我国没收财产刑从古到今做了全面系统的介绍，并指出各阶段没收财产刑的特点。为下面与世界其他国家没收财产刑比较埋下伏笔。然后，从社会形态演变的角度，对世界其他国家没收财产刑作了介绍，总结出没收财产刑萌芽——发展——质疑——重建的演变过程。最后，对当下中外没收财产刑进行比较。第二章是没收财产刑基本理论。对没收财产刑的概念、性质、存在根据、功能、目的做了概述，为下文反思我国没收财产刑及正当性论述打下基础。第三章是我国没收财产刑的现状及反思。即在前两章的概述的基础上，分析我国没收财产刑的现状，从理论和现实状况两方面入手，指出没收财产刑面临的困境。第四章是我国没收财产刑的正当性思考及完善途径。指出没收财产刑在一定范围内有其存在的合理性和必要性。针对没收财产刑面临的理论、现实困境，从实体法、程序法和执行三方面来为没收财产刑寻找出路。结论部分概括了本文的基本观点，即我国没收财产刑虽存在诸多不尽如人意处，但正如英国功利主义学者边泌所说，“单独考察，没有任何一种刑罚独自具备所有刑罚的必要属性。”面对其存在的弊端，关键是探索出一条切实可行的完善途径。而没收财产刑的完善就需要刑法和刑事诉讼法的共同推进。更多还原

【Abstract】 The penalty of confiscation of property is to deprive commit a crime certain person money property is the content penalty method. As one kind of penalty method, The penalty of confiscation of property history once, brought the too important effect into play , also had it’s existence in history certainty. Modern country private property is because of holy and inviolable wait for idea , fall off even having abolished expropriation punishment. But enter 20 ends of the century , beginning of the 21st century, the quilt starts using expropriation punishment again with private property property concept holy and inviolable changes and being rampant having organization to commit a crime, in a few countries. As an important component in criminal rule by law of our country, discover the abuse that the expropriation there exists in punishment , bring forward rational perfect approach and, the systematic benign works , the penalty purpose being concerning expropriation punishment comes true to be concerning criminal rule by law of our country. Therefore, it is necessary carrying out all-round research of system on expropriation punishment. The main body of a book be to take how to perfect expropriation punishment as home to return to studying, before the fundamental problem to expropriation punishment introduce that down, the history evolution to expropriation punishment has done the method adopt direction and transversely to be tied in wedlock each other sum up comparison , here, has pointed out the main abuse that our country there exists in expropriation punishment nowadays, and then has submitted the suggestion perfecting our country expropriation punishment on the basis. Together from the preface, text and conclusion, three major parts are composed of. In preface,Text includes four chapters content. Be that fundamental problem and history evolution carry out a summary on expropriation punishment , find out the primal problem that our country there exists in expropriation punishment, perfect approach bringing forward expropriation punishment then.Chapter 1mainly studies the development history of confiscation of property. Firstly, punishment has made systematic all-round introduction from time immemorial to our country expropriation , has pointed out and every stage expropriation punishment characteristic. For following country expropriation punishment buries a hint foreshadowing later developments in a story down other comparatively. Secendly, developing from society form, country expropriation punishment has assumed pair of worlds other introduce that, trim out germ developing the evolution process questioning the expropriation punishment reconstructing. Finally, China-foreign expropriation punishment carries out comparison on the instantly.Chapter 2 is fundamental problem of expropriation punishment summaries. Punishment concept , character , existence have done a summary according to the function , purpose, have laid down basis for there existing abuse in next step’s , finding out perfect approach to the expropriation.Chapter 3 is the main abuse that the expropriation there exists in punishment. Be on the first two chapters summary basis, start with theory and two real aspect, point out difficult position facing the expropriation punishment.Chapter 4 is perfect expropriation punishment approach. Be difficult position specifically for theory , reality facing the expropriation punishment, come to be that expropriation punishment seeks way out from entity law , procedure law and implementation three aspect.The conclusion part has summarized the main body of a book basic concept, self s heart’s content has not got along namely our country expropriation punishment though existence is a lot of, the United Kingdom utilitarianism scholar edge secretes what be said "the penalty alone inspecting , not having any one kind has all penalties alone necessary attribute " exactly as.Face the abuse of it, key is to probe out a practical feasible perfect approach. But, expropriation punishment improving and perfecting needs corporal punishment and the Criminal Procedure Law common to move forward right away.更多还原