【作者】 杨丽；

【导师】 郭广迪；

【作者基本信息】 中南民族大学 ， 西方经济学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 住房是最基本的生存资料,住房消费的满足在很大程度上取决于住房制度。我国传统的城镇住房制度是为适应计划经济体制的要求而建立起来的。我国从20世纪70年代末开始对其进行改革。为了了解住房制度改革取得的效果、发现房改中存在的问题并分析其原因,及时提出对策,进一步完善我国城镇住房制度,本文对我国的城镇住房制度改革及其成效进行了研究。1.介绍了我国城镇住房制度改革的背景,回顾了我国城镇住房制度改革的历程,对我国现阶段城镇住房制度的目标模式提出了见解:停止实物分房,实行住房分配货币化,逐步实现包含住房买卖和住房租赁两方面内容的住房商品化,对不同收入人群采用不同的住房政策,多层次地满足居民的住房需求。2.对我国城镇住房制度改革的成效进行了系统分析。首先分析了我国城镇住房制度改革取得的总体成绩及存在的问题,其次对某些具体房改措施(住房公积金制度、经济适用房制度及廉租房制度)的成效进行了研究。结合现阶段我国城镇住房制度的目标模式,认为我国城镇住房制度改革并未获得理想的成效。3.通过对国际上不同国家地区(美国、日本、新加坡及香港)住房制度建设的实践经验进行对比研究得出启示:根据发展阶段决定住房制度改革的目标、建立完备的住房法律体系、住房制度改革应租售并举等。4.借鉴住房制度改革的国际经验,对我国城镇住房制度改革成效不理想的原因进行了分析。笔者认为根源在于住房制度本身。“全民买房”的房改政策导向使我国的城镇住房制度改革陷入了误区,并最终导致了住房市场需求与供给的失衡,导致了住房保障政策的变形,导致了高房价及高空置率并存的悖论等。5.为完善我国的城镇住房制度,本文提出了一些政策建议,如改变“全民买房”的房改政策倾向,树立“租买并举”的指导思想;引导居民建立合理的住房消费观念;加快住房租赁市场的发展;取消经济适用房政策,在推行廉租房政策的同时扩大房租补贴的范围,完善住房保障制度;建立健全住房法律法规等。更多还原

【Abstract】 The house is an essential element for the existence of human being and the housing system plays an important role in meeting the people’s demands on housing. The tranditional urban housing system of China was designed and set up in compliance with the planned economy mechanism. Chinese government began to reform it since the end of 1970s. To find the problems arisen during China’s urban housing system reform and solve them, the present study was performed to assess the efficiency of China’s urban housing system reform. The main points of this paper were as follows:1. Reviewed the various phases of China’s urban housing system reform and put forward the objective pattern of the housing reform. The aims of the housing reform included that the house should be allotted by the market, the housing commercialization should be realized from both house buying and house renting, the different housing policy should be provided to satisfy the different levels and types of requirements.2. Evaluated the efficiency of China’s urban housing system reform and some particular housing policies(Housing accumulation fund, Affordable housing and Low-rent housing), and drew a conclusion that the intended results were not achieved and this reform was unsuccessful.3. Compared housing systems among different countries and regions(America, Japan, Singapore and Hongkong) and some enlightenments were given. For example, the target select of housing system reform should be consistent with different housing development stages and should not be divorced from reality.4. Analyzed the reasons why the China’s urban housing reform is unsuccessful. We thought that it was the housing system itself that contributed to the unreasonable results of housing reform. Almost all housing reform policies encouraged everybody to buy house but not to choose a kind of proper housing consumption, such as house renting. The guiding ideology of‘Nationwide house buying’resulted in the non-equilibrium of housing demand and supply, and induced the malformation of housing security system. In addition, this kind of thinking of housing reform led to high housing price and high vacancy rate indirectly. 5. Some suggestions were given on how to improve our housing system. Firstly, the guiding ideology of‘Nationwide house buying’must be rectifed. Secondly, more attention should be paid to the development of house renting market. Besides, the Affordable housing policy should be cancelled immediately and Low-renting housing system should be further strengthened .更多还原