【作者】 孙佃升；

【导师】 白连平；

【作者基本信息】 中国石油大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 无刷直流电机是近年来发展起来的一种新型电机,它利用电子换向取代传统直流电机的机械换向,既具有直流电机的良好调速性能,又具有异步电机结构简单、运行可靠等优点。随着对无刷直流电机及其控制系统研究的不断深入,无刷直流电机在许多领域得到了广泛的应用。尤其在电动汽车领域,已经成为电动汽车驱动的首选电机。在电动汽车驱动方面,无刷直流电机的电动和回馈制动是重要的研究课题。因此本文对无刷直流电机的电动与回馈制动进行了研究,主要完成了以下几个方面的工作。首先,学习研究了具有梯形波反电势的无刷直流电机的工作原理,以及无刷直流电机在全桥斩波调制和半桥斩波调制下的电动和回馈制动的运行状态和数学模型。其次,设计了整个系统的硬件电路。包括:电源电路、功率逆变电路、IGBT驱动和保护电路、回馈充电限流斩波电路、上电延时保护电路、DSP外围电路、相电流检测电路、直流侧电压检测电路。最后,研究了无刷直流电机的电动和回馈制动的控制方法,以及回馈制动时对蓄电池回馈充电电流的控制方法,在此基础上完成了软件设计。包括:换相控制程序、电流和电压采集程序、PWM占空比重载程序、转速计算程序、转速和电流双闭环调节程序、回馈制动最大可充电流控制程序等。实验结果表明,电机在电动运行时具有良好的动态和静态性能;回馈制动时,能够保证有较大的制动转矩,制动效果明显,同时又避免了出现过大的回馈充电电流,能够较好的实现回馈制动。更多还原

【Abstract】 The brushless DC motor (BLDCM) is a newly developed type of motor,which replaces the mechanical commutation by the electric commutation. It has the merits of both the good speed control performance of the Brush DC motor and the simple structure of the asynchronous motor. With the research development on BLDCM and its control system, the BLDCM has been widely applied in industry especially in electric vehicle (EV) field in which the BLDCM has become the preferred motor. The research on motor drive and regenerative brake in developing electric vehicle is so important that this paper has studied the drive and regenerative brake of the BLDCM and the work has been done as the following:Firstly, the operating principle of the BLDCM has been discussed and the mathematic models on drive and regenerative brake states of the BLDCM were analyzed. The back EMF of the BLDCM is trapezoidal waveform with 120°platform width.Secondly, the hardware circuits of the system has been designed which includes power inversion circuit,driving and protecting circuit of the IGBT, current limited and chopper circuit used in regenerative brake,the electrifying delay circuit, DSP peripheral circuit, current detecting circuit and DC voltage detecting circuit.Lastly, the control method of both drive and regenerative brake has been studied. And the method of controlling the regenerative current was also be studied. The software is designed which based on that including the program of the commutation, the program of sampling current and voltage, the program of regulating the PWM wave, the program of calculating rotate speed, the program of regulating the current and rotate speed in close loop, the program of controlling the regenerative current according to the charge of the battery.The result of the experiment shows that the BLDCM has an excellent dynamic and static performance and the effect of the regenerative brake is notable. The regenerative current was also controlled according to the charge state of the battery, so the motor works well on the regenerative brake state.更多还原