【作者】 张前龙；

【导师】 蔡智鸣； 张欣文；

【作者基本信息】 同济大学 ， 营养与食品卫生学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 目的：了解食品和人血清中的环境污染物酞酸二丁酯(di-n-butyl phthalate，DBP)的含量，并探讨其对黑腹果蝇的毒性作用。方法：采用毛细管柱气相色谱-质谱联用法的选择离子检测(GC-MS-SIR)技术，对市售果蔬类、干货类食品及部分人血清中的DBP进行定性、定量分析；利用果蝇生存试验和分光光度法研究DBP对果蝇寿命及体内抗氧化系统的影响，探究其与果蝇衰老之间的关系；通过RNA抽提、RT-PCR等分子生物学手段，进一步探讨DBP对果蝇抗氧化酶基因mRNA表达水平的改变；对果蝇经口染毒，观察DBP对果蝇生长发育的影响，并通过病理组织学技术了解其对果蝇生殖系统的损伤作用。结果：①食品和人血清中DBP的含量分别为未检出(ND)～28.20μg／g和ND～7.10 mg／L。②DBP可导致SOD活性下降，MDA含量增加，破坏果蝇体内的抗氧化系统，并明显缩短果蝇寿命。③引起果蝇体内超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶等抗氧化酶的mRNA表达水平下降。④DBP具有生殖发育毒性，使子代的体重减轻、减缓子代果蝇的生长发育速度，并对雄性果蝇生殖系统造成一定的损伤。结论：环境污染物酞酸二丁酯已通过各种途径进入食品，并且在人体内已有一定的污染负荷，从其对黑腹果蝇有毒性作用推知，DBP对人类健康可能构成潜在的远期危害。有必要进一步加强对食品及生物样品中酞酸二丁酯的卫生检测，并深入研究DBP毒理学作用的分子机制，为全面评价DBP的安全界限提供科学依据，进而保护人群健康。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine DBP in foods and humanserum, and observe the toxicological effects of DBP on Drosophila Melanogaster.Methods: DBP in foods and some human serum was determined by GasChromatograph-Mass Spectrometry （GC-MS） with selected ion recording （SIR）technique. Longevity test was carried out to find the influence of DBP onDrosophila’s lifespan. We detected the activity of total-SOD and the concentration ofMDA by biochemical analysis methods, in order to research the relation betweeneffects of DBP on the antioxidant system and aging in Drosophila. RT-PCR was aneffective technique to display the alterations in the gene expression of Cu,Zn-SOD、Mn-SOD and CAT in Drosophila’s head after DBP exposure. Moreover, we studiedthe characterization of reproductive and developmental toxicity of DBP on Drosophila.Results: Amounts of DBP in foods and human serum were found to be in the rangesof no detected （ND）～28.20μg/g and ND～7.10 mg/L respectively. DBP can damage theantioxidant system and obviously shorten Drosophila’s longevity, with decreasing theSOD activity and increasing MDA content of the exposured groups. In the molecularlevel, DBP can suppress the gene expression of CAT in male Drosophila and Mn-SODin both male and female （P＜0.05）, indicating the gene expression of someantioxidases could be disturbed by DBP. The adverse effects of DBP on thedevelopment of F₁ and F₂ Drosophila had been observed, including reducing theweight of F₂ Drosophila and the speed of development. Meanwhile, DBP damaged thereproductive tract of male Drosophila. Conclusion: Foods have been polluted throughvarious routes, and the body has haven some pollution burden. DBP has toxicity toDrosophila Melanogaster and possibly has potentional hazard on human being. So, it’snecessary to strength the detection of DBP and the study on molecular mechanism ofDBP toxicity for public health.更多还原