【作者】 宋淑华；

【导师】 曹建民；

【作者基本信息】 北京体育大学 ， 运动人体科学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 研究目的观察高住低训(HiLo)对青少年中长跑运动员血液铁代谢的影响,希望为指导高住低训期间青少年运动员是否需要补铁提供试验依据。研究方法北京石景山少体校中长跑运动员11名,男性,身体健康,均为世居平原者,平均年龄14.6±1.3岁,随机分为试验组(n=6)和对照组(n=5)。组间在年龄、身高等方面没有显著差异。试验组4周试验期间在低氧房内休息和睡眠(暴露时间≥10hr/day),氧浓度为14.7%(相当2700 m高度),常氧训练;对照组常氧居住和训练。此外,两组每周均进行3次低氧训练,训练方式蹬功率自行车,持续时间30min,强度为常氧72%VO2max(相当于低氧80%VO2max)对应强度。所有受试对象试验期间共检测静脉血四次。结果表明1、从本试验结果看,试验组血红蛋白在试验期间一直成上升趋势,提高幅度为8.3%。对照组呈下降、上升、再下降的波动趋势。表明HiLo结合低氧训练有提高机体血红蛋白浓度的趋势。2、四周HiLo对青少年铁代谢指标影响不大,组内和组间均没有显著性差异。提示:进行HiLo时补铁应持慎重态度。青少年处于生长发育期,机体对铁的吸收能力较强,正常食物摄取基本能满足铁需求,过量补铁反而对机体有害。3、第7天时两组血清铁和铁蛋白等指标均有所下降,可能是试验初期运动负荷偏大(低氧训练+正常训练),机体动用了部分贮备铁和功能铁来合成血红蛋白引起的。提示:试验初期机体铁状况应引起教练员和科研人员格外注意。更多还原

【Abstract】 ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to observe the effect of Living high training Low on the blood iron metabolism in the juvenile athletes, and hope to provide the basis on whether to supply iron or not during the period of HiLo.MethodEleven healthy, long-distance runners were divided into trial group(n=6) or control group(n=5)randomly, aged 14.6±1.3yr, who all came from Shijing(石景)mountain sports school of Peking City and were sea-level residents. There were no significant differences in age and physical characteristics between both groups before starting the experiment. The trial group lived in the hypoxia camp (4 weeks, 10hr/d) and the oxygen density was 14.7% (corresponding to an altitude of 2700 m), while trained in the normoxia Environment. The control group lived and trained in the sea level. In addition, all subjects participated hypoxia training of the intensity corresponding to 72% VO2max (corresponding to 80% VO2max in hypoxia), 3 times / week on the cycle ergometer, 30 minutes. The samples of vein blood of all subjects were tested four times during the 4 weeks.Conclusion1. According to the findings, the values of Hb were always increasing during the whole experiment,and the range of 8.3%. The control group presented the fluctuation of descending, rising, and descending. So HiLo combining hypoxia training can increase the Hb density .2. HiLo has little effect on the indexes of iron metabolism,So there is no evident difference between groups and within groups. Indicate: Supplying iron should hold the caution attitude when performing HiLo. As teenager is in the growth period, the capability of absorbing iron is very strong. The normal uptake from food can satisfy the demand of iron. On the contrary,the excessive iron supplement is very harmful to the body.3. The reason why some indexes of both groups, such as SI and SF, descended at the beginning of 7 days was the great load of exercise (hypoxia training + normal training) caused that the body utilized the reserved iron and functional iron to satisfy the need of Hb combination. So coaches and scientific researchers should pay more attention to the iron condition, particularly during the initial stage.更多还原