【作者】 李伟；

【导师】 李晋川；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 生物医学工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 脊柱三维运动定位研究对于了解和掌握脊柱的功能及正确评估脊柱损伤和外科手术对其运动行为的影响有着重要的意义。对脊柱运动学的研究存在不少困难，因为脊柱的运动是在三维空间内的耦合运动，需要精确的测量技术和计算方法。对脊柱运动的测量经历了从二维测量到三维测量，从简单到复杂，从估算到精确计算的过程。近年来，随着脊柱生物力学的兴起与发展，出现了各种脊柱运动分析系统及测量方法，在实际应用时，应根据脊柱运动的特点及研究目的，选择合适的、能得到有意义结果的测量方法。本文旨在实验室现有脊柱生物力学控制及检测装置基础上，设计并制造一种脊柱三维运动定位虚拟仪器系统，用来测量脊柱前屈、后伸、侧弯、侧旋、压缩和拉伸三维空间六个自由度的运动，克服以往测量方法的不足，达到经济，准确和科学测量要求。本文介绍了脊柱三维运动定位系统的定位原理；设计了基于面阵PSD相机的脊柱三维运动定位系统的硬件结构；分析了基于面阵PSD相机的脊柱三维运动定位系统的主要误差影响因素；研究了在LabVIEW开发平台下设计开发虚拟仪器的过程并完成了各部分功能模块的设计；研究表明，基于LabVIEW的脊柱三维运动定位系统具有采样速度快，计算方法简单，定位精度高，硬件及软件设计易于实现，可靠性强和成本低等显著优点。因此，不仅可以应用于脊柱三维运动定位领域，也可广泛用于其它位置测量和轨迹跟踪领域。更多还原

【Abstract】 Research of spinal 3D motion positioning is of great significance for understanding the function of spine and correct assessment of the impact of spinal injury and surgery. There are many difficulties in studying Kinematics of the spine because of spinal movement is in 3D space,thus need for accurate measurement and calculation methods.The measurement of spinal movement has gone through a period from two-dimensional measurements to three-dimensional measurement, from simple to complex, from estimating to precision. In recent years, with the spine biomechanics rise,various spinal motion analysis system and measurement method has been invented. In practical applications, to choose a suitable and the results can be meaningful measurement method should be according to the characteristics of spinal movement and the purpose of study.This paper seeks to design and create a three-dimensional spinal movement positioning Virtual Instrument System on the basis of existing laboratory spinal biomechanics control and detection devices, to measure spinal flexion, extension, lateral bending,side rotary,vertical compression and tensile three-dimensional six degree-of-freedom motion, to overcome the shortcomings of former measurement methods,to achieve requirements of economic, accurate and scientific.This paper introduced the theory of Spinal 3D motion positioning; Designed hardware architecture of the Spinal 3D Motion Positioning System based on the two-dimensional PSD camera; Analysed the main influencing factors of system error; Studied the process of designing virtual instrument in LabVIEW development platform and designed total functional module;Research shows that the Spinal 3D Motion Positioning System with high sampling speed,simple calculation method,high positioning accuracy,hardware and software designing easily to implement,high reliability and low cost has notable advantages. Therefore,this system not only can be applied to three-dimensional movement of spinal positioning fields, but also can be used in other position measurement and tracking fields.更多还原