【作者】 杨德建；

【导师】 刘代俊；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 化学工艺， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着全球资源逐步贫化和人居环境问题日益恶化，人们对资源的合理应用越来越关注。攀枝花钢铁公司排出的高炉渣目前已达7000万吨，渣场难以堆放，且严重威胁金沙江水域。同时，渣中含有大量的钛、铝和镁等金属，也是一种急待开发的资源。以攀钢年产400万吨铁计，每年产出高炉渣约320万吨，其中约含有90万吨二氧化钛资源。国内学者近20年来对高钛渣的利用作了大量研究，力图找到回收利用高炉渣的办法，变废为宝，保护环境。因此用循环经济的思想来探讨可持续发展的新途径，避免二次污染，同时回收炉渣中的有用元素具有重要意义。本文针对攀钢高炉渣中钛元素的利用进行实验研究。首先对稀酸浸出过程的相关化学反应进行了热力学的计算。结果表明，采用稀硫酸对高炉渣进行预处理，当终酸浓度即使为0．001mol·l^-1时，镁、铝理论上也能全部被酸浸出，而钛在0．001 mol·l^-1的酸浓度条件下基本不被浸出，从而从理论上可以说明对高炉渣采用稀酸预处理可以很好的将炉渣中的镁、铝等杂质分离出来，而钛极少被浸出。其次，实验研究了稀酸浸出过程中不同酸浓度、酸矿比、反应时间及反应温度等条件下钛、镁、铝浸出率的变化。实验中还采用废硫酸对高炉渣进行浸取处理，这样既能消耗掉部分废酸，又能除去部分杂质。除杂后的高炉渣再次酸解，可以获得相对更为纯净的硫酸钛液，更有利于加工为钛的其它产品。此外，本文还对预处理废水中镁的富集进行了探索。作为高炉渣的应用前景问题，本文用高炉渣酸解得到的硫酸钛液和磷酸为原料，对磷酸钛的制备工艺条件进行了研究。高炉渣二次酸解后的钛液浓度较低，更适合制备磷酸钛。本文研究了磷酸钛制备的反应方式、反应时间、反应温度、配料比，煅烧温度等工艺参数。用X射线衍射和热重分析对产品进行检查，发现在适当煅烧温度条件下，非晶态的磷酸钛转变为结晶态的磷酸钛，所得产物结晶良好，是复杂的混合物组成，其主要成分为焦磷酸钛。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the dilution of the global ore resources and the deterioration of the habitat environment, most people pay more attention to make rational use of resources. Slag of blast furnace discarded on the bank of the Jingsha river by Panzhihua Steel and Iron Cor （PSTC） has been threatened the security of the river system. Furthermore, the unhandled slag contains lots of useful elements, such as titanium, aluminum and magnesium, which would be kinds of resources to be exploited. Based on yielding 4 million tons’ iron of PSTC every year, the output of slag of blast furnace will be over 3.2 million tons per year, in which the component TiO₂ reaches to 900 kt/y. Inland scholars have made a lot of investigations in the field of the utilization of blast furnace slag for seeking methods to recover titanium and solve the environment pollution. Therefore, it is very important to find out a sustained development way with recycle economic viewpoint for preventing second pollution and recovering resources.Aiming at the utilization of Ti from the blast furnace slag, some experimental research has been made in this paper. First, the thermal process about the correlative reactions was analyzed. The results show that magnesium and aluminum theoretically can be thoroughly dissolved from the blast furnace slag by diluted sulfuric acid pretreatment on the blast furnace slag even if the ended concentration of sulfuric acid is 0.001mol/L, while the titanium basically could not be dissolved. Therefore it is theoretically indicated that the separation of the magnesium and aluminum from the slag with the least titanium loss by diluted sulfuric acid pretreatment is possible. Secondly, the leaching rate of titanium, magnesium and aluminum has been researched in different conditions such as concentration of H₂SO₄, ratio of slag to sulfuric acid, reaction residence time and temperature. Finally, the waste acid was used to digest the slag of blast furnace, so as to recover the waste acid and eliminate the impurities of the slag. The impurities-removed slag could be digested again so as to obtain purified titanium solution, which is beneficial for it to processing to put other titanium products. Besides, enrichment of magnesium in the solution was also studied in this paper.To explore the applied prospect of the slag of blast furnace, productive condition of the titanium phosphate was researched based on titanium sulfate solution obtained by second digestion process. It is suitable for the digestion solution with lower concentration to produce titanium phosphate. A series of experimental parameters were researched such as operation methods, reaction residence time, reaction temperature, ratio of raw materials and the calcine temperature. The product was examined by XRD and TGA, and it was discovered that the amorphous titanium phosphate turns to crystalloid titanium phosphate at a proper calcine temperature. The product is composed of several compounds, among of which the main component is TiP₂O₇.更多还原