【作者】 刘洋；

【导师】 陈武凡；

【作者基本信息】 南方医科大学 ， 生物医学工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 图像配准是指对于一幅医学图像寻求一种空间变换，使它与另一幅医学图像上的对应点达到空间上的匹配。在医学领域，配准主要应用于CT、MRI、PET等医学图像的信息融合、实际医学图像和图谱的比较、外科手术导航、心脏运动估计等许多方面，它在基础医学研究和临床诊断、治疗、质量保证和疗效评价等方面都有广泛的应用。医学图像配准是医学图像融合的前提，是目前医学图像处理中的热点，具有重要的临床诊断和治疗价值。而2D／3D医学图像配准因其在临床辅助诊断、手术导航等应用中的重要作用，越来越受到人们的重视。在计算机辅助外科手术和图像导航外科手术中，图像配准是重要的一环，体数据与二维图像间的配准为临床诊断、治疗提供实时信息，辅助手术导航。三维数据在术前获取，术中一般采集二维图像。虽然这样的图像缺乏三维体数据的空间信息，但是它获取速度快并且能够减少患者和医生暴露在射线中的时间。将术中2D图像与术前体数据配准可以补偿一些空间信息。目前，2D／3D图像配准研究主要集中于刚性配准。本文着重研究了2D／3D医学图像配准技术在骨科手术中的应用。数字影像重建在基于灰度的2D／3D医学图像配准技术中具有重要作用。它是利用基于射线追踪算法从三维数据如CT中获得二维虚拟X线图像。影像重建结果的质量直接影响到配准结果的精度。本文对数字影像重建技术作了一定的探讨，实现了对CT体数据的数字影像重建，并通过增强技术获得了突出骨组织的图像，为后续的配准研究做了很好的准备工作。随着医学成像设备和计算机技术的不断发展，成像速度越来越快，传统的二维阅片方式已经逐渐不能满足临床的需要，医学图像的三维可视化技术就变得非常重要。VTK是一款优秀的可视化开发工具包，它功能强大，使用方便，并且源码开放。本文对可视化算法作了一定的探讨，并利用VTK，以本实验室自行研制的fPAX为平台，研究和实现了一个三维医学图像可视化系统。本文对2D／3D医学图像配准技术在骨科手术中的应用做了一定的研究，设计并实现了一个三维医学图像可视化系统。更多还原

【Abstract】 The goal of image registration is to obtain a transformation, so that the points inone image can be related to their corresponding points in the other. In the medicalfield, registration is used for medical image(CT, MR, PET) fusion, the imagesbetween patient and normal personal need to be compared, Surgical operationnavigation, or heart movement estimate, and so on. Medical Image registration is thepremise of fusion and hot spot in medical image processing. So it is very importantin diagnosis and treatment. And 2D/3D medical image ,registration is becomingincreasingly important because of it’s function in computer-guided diagnosis,Surgical operation navigation and so on. In these using, image registration is aimportant part. Registration between Volume data and 2D image provide real-timeinformation for diagnosis and treatment, so it can aid surgery navigation, we usuallyget 3D data before surgery and obtain 2D image during the surgery. Although 2Ddata is deficient in spatial information, it can get quickly and decrease exposure timein X-ray. Some spatial information will be retrieved after 2D/3D registration. Atpresent, researcher pay more effort on rigid registration. In this paper ,weemphatically research on 2D/3D medical image registration ,and it’s using in bonesurgery.Digitally Reconstructed Radiography play a key part in 2D/3D medical imageregistration based on gray. It obtain 2D virtual X-ray image from 3D data such as CT,using ray-casting algorithm. The quality of DRR image directly influence theprecision of registration. This paper discussed the technology of DRR, realized DRRfrom CT volume data. In addition, we use intensification method to reconstructimage which is prominent bones.With the development of medical imagery equipment and computer, the speedof imagery is more and more quickly. Only reading 2D image is increasingly notenough for clinical. So the visualization of medical image become more important. VTK is a good visualization toolkit. It is powerful, convenience, and open sourcecode. we research the visualization algorithm and use VTK to realized a medicalthree dimensional visualization system based on fPAX platform.更多还原