【作者】 陈鸿；

【导师】 戴慎志；

【作者基本信息】 同济大学 ， 城市规划与设计， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 城市消防站作为一项重要的城市基础设施，为城市生产、生活等各项经济社会活动的正常进行提供着安全保障。在城市规划中如何让消防站合理布局，以便于更好地提升城市消防的安全性能同时避免消防站布局的不经济性，目前尚缺乏较好的布局优化方法及有效的评估手段。城市消防站的传统规划布局方法缺乏一定的科学性，而地理信息系统(GIS)通过与定位-配给模型(LA模型)进行整合，在寻找最优化空间分布选址方面具有很好的表现。本文正是从这个角度出发，结合城市地理信息系统的相关理论及模型，研究消防站的空间布局问题，以求探索出一种新的能使城市消防站空间布局趋于优化的规划思路与方法。本文以安徽省六安市为例进行案例研究，运用定位-配给模型对该城市的消防站空间布局进行优化，得出最优的城市消防站空间布局方案，最后运用相关量化评价指标进行验证。论文最后从城市规划的角度，提出如何改善消防站空间布局除了设施选址优化外还应注意城市形态结构、用地布局、设施体系、网络结构等几个方面的问题。将研究结论推而广之，类似这种在城市内寻找一系列服务设施点最佳位置的空间选址问题都可以运用本研究所提出的思路与方法，引入相对应的区位优化模型，以得出更加科学合理的空间布局方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fire station, as a kind of vital urban infrastructure facility, safeguards the normal movements of the city. In order to improve the safety performance of the urban fire control system and make it more economical, a reasonable layout of fire stations should be made. But there is no good method to optimize and evaluate the layout of fire stations so far. And the old planning method of fire station must be improved. By integrated with GIS, the location-allocation model can generates a set of solution spaces that help decision makers to narrow down their searches and decisions for site selection.The case study is carried out on this background. Lu’an city, a medium-sized city bearing rapid urban development in central China, is selected to do the research. By applying the location-allocation model, we can improve the performance of the current facilities, and a new plan of fire stations can be generated. The optimal configuration is then proved by the evaluating indicator.From the point of view of urban planning, not only the facilities site selection, but also the urban form, land use layout, facility system and network should be considered in allusion to urban fire station. Also, with the achieved optimal configuration, we can use it to optimize the spatial distribution of other public service facilities.更多还原