【作者】 魏海燕；

【导师】 庞保平； 张泽华；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 农业昆虫与害虫防治， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文对深圳市名商和深圳高尔夫球场的球道和果岭不同功能区草地蛴螬种群密度、垂直迁移规律及防治进行了研究。球场种群密度调查结果表明,名商和深圳高尔夫球场球道和果岭区草地蛴螬种群密度明显受干湿季节、不同地形以及养护水平的影响。雨季(5～10月)高地形(长草高地和短草高地)蛴螬种群密度是旱季(1～4、11～12月)同地形和雨季凹地形蛴螬种群密度2～2.5倍,而雨季凹地形(长草凹地和短草凹地)种群密度则与上述规律相反。旱季和雨季高水平养护区(短草高地和短草凹地)蛴螬种群密度均高于粗养护区(长草高地和长草凹地)。名商球道区蛴螬种群密度高于深圳高尔夫球场球道区。果岭I区和II区蛴螬种群密度变化与球道区(长草高地和短草高地)相似,2个区种群密度之和占整个果岭区蛴螬种群密度的90%以上。球道区旱季蛴螬主要分布于草坪地下较深的土壤中(4.5～11.0cm),雨季向地表迁移(2.6～5.5cm)。果岭区蛴螬年均入土的深度明显比球道区浅,全年果岭区蛴螬在0.7～7.3cm之间的土层迁移,7～9月接近地表活动(0.7～1.0cm)。小区药效试验结果表明,绿僵菌3种制剂都可以有效的防治蛴螬,效果明显优于化学农药,其中菌剂A的防效最好,60d后防治效果仍可达到90%以上。菌剂A不同剂量的防治效果在施药后不同时期的调查结果没有差异,所以球场选择最低用量1g/m~2就可以有效的防治蛴螬,且经济实惠。使用不同方法施用菌剂A,在药后60d,洒水和打孔的防效为87.40%和94.32%,手撒和埋覆的防治效果是62.28%和71.91%,洒水和打孔的效果明显好于手撒和埋覆,在球场中也易于推广。更多还原

【Abstract】 The population dynamics and control of white grubs in Mingshang and Shenzhen golf courses of the city of Shenzhen was studied. The results showed that the dynamics of moving and population dynamics of white grubs in the fairway and the green of Mingshang and Shenzhen golf courses was affected by the dry and the rainy seasons, topography( or areas ) and maintaining level. The population dynamics of the highland (the rough highland and the high fairway) in the rainy season ( May～October ) were two to two point five fold of witch for the same topography in the dry season( January～April , November～December) and the depressed land (the rough depressed land and the depressed fairway ) in the rainy season, it was in the reverse for the depressed land in the rainy season . The population dynamics in the aborative maintaining areas( the high fairway and the depressed fairway ) for the dry and the rainy season was a little higher than that of the subordinate areas. The population dynamics of Mingshang golf course was larger than that of Shenzhen golf course. The population dynamics in the green I and II was similar to the fairway areas in the rainy season. Amount of grubs in the green I and II made up more than 90% of the total grubs population of the green.The grubs in the fairway during the dry season mainly lived in 4.5～11.0cm soil under ground , 2.6～5.5cm soil for the rainy season. The annual average depth of grubs living in the green soil was lower than that of the fairway. The grubs in the green soil lived annually in 0.7～7.3cm and near the surface during July～September ( 0.7～1cm ).The efficacy of three kinds of Metarhizium anisopliane and one kind of pesticide sulfotep in controlling white grubs was determined. All kinds of M. anisopliane showed better control of grubs than sulfotep did. M. anisopliane-A showed the best control of white grubs. Even after sixty days, its control effect was still more than 90%. Different application rates of M. anisopliane-A had been compared. There was no difference among three application rates. Therefore, the fewest rate of 1g/m~2 should be choosen by golf course for thrift. Different ways of using M. anisopliane-A had also been determined. After sixty days , sifting the sand soil on to the turfgrass and digging the grassland showed 62.28% and 71.97% respectively. However sprinkling and stiletto showed 87.40% and 94.32% control effect respectively, which were suitable for the golf club to use.更多还原