【作者】 孙国庆；

【导师】 王纯洁；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 基础兽医学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 为了研究雏鸡生长过程中血液免疫机能的变化规律,对AA肉鸡和农昌2号蛋鸡在生产饲养条件下,采用流式细胞术、免疫学技术等方法,在不同日龄检测血液中红细胞吸附功能、CD3+、CD4+、CD8+T细胞含量、Bu1+B细胞、K1+单核细胞、血清IgG、IgM、IgA、GH、T3、T4、TSH、COR和ACTH等指标含量。结果显示:AA肉鸡随着年龄的增长,红细胞数量逐渐增加。1～5日龄时,AA肉鸡的RBC免疫功能降低,5～14日龄RBC免疫功能逐渐成熟。1～14日龄时农昌Ⅱ号蛋鸡刚出壳时红细胞吸附能力较强,但在两周之内快速下降,维持两周后又回升并维持。AA肉鸡7日龄时血液CD3+T细胞含量降到最少,7～21日龄时直达最高峰,随着疫苗浓度的减少28日龄时T细胞快速回落。两次免疫均引起CD4+T细胞增加。7日龄时CD8+T细胞含量低,14日龄时CD8+T细胞含量增加,机体识别内源性抗原的能力强。在1～7日龄CD4+/CD8+升高,细胞免疫功能逐渐提高,21日龄左右时达最高。农昌Ⅱ号蛋鸡1～21日龄时CD3+T细胞很少受到疫苗作用,而第二次疫苗免疫后,随着疫苗浓度减少28日龄时CD3+T细胞含量快速下降。两次免疫后的14、28日龄时CD4+T细胞均有上升。7日龄CD8+T细胞增加,机体识别内源性抗原的能力增强;CD4+/CD8+比例逐渐升高,1～28日龄时细胞免疫功能逐渐增加到最高,28～56日龄稍微下降。AA肉鸡1～7日龄时B细胞可能部分转化为浆细胞参与免疫反应而减少。而6、20日龄下午的新城疫疫苗的免疫都引起B细胞的大量增殖,使7~28日龄时B淋巴细胞持续上升。1～5日龄时,随着卵黄囊母原抗体的吸收入血IgG含量增加,并且第二次免疫后IgG含量也增加。IgM因母原抗体的吸收而在1~3日龄水平很高,并当6日龄口服疫苗后及时与抗原结合,IgM浓度很快降低,导致14日龄的低谷。由于20日龄二免,使21日龄产生又一个高峰。IgA的水平略低于IgM,但与IgM的变化规律相似,只是高峰在21～28日龄。农昌Ⅱ号蛋鸡1~21日龄持续上升,6日龄下午的新城疫疫苗的免疫引起B细胞的大量增殖,IgG含量增加。蛋鸡单核细胞数量在70日龄时增加在70日龄左右抗体降低而被外来病原袭击,摧毁了细胞免疫,激活体液免疫。GH、T3、T4、TSH、COR、ACTH含量等的变化规律进行研究,进一步证实GH对CD4+/CD8+比例的影响和COR抑制单核细胞发育和抑制抗体的形成;并发现AA肉鸡整个生长发育期GH含量变化完全与B淋巴细胞和IgM、IgA变化相似,GH可直接或间接影响B细胞的发育和功能,GH促进蛋鸡的B淋巴细胞的早期发育和T细胞发育。T3和T4均能增加淋巴细胞;TSH含量变化与T3成反比,能促进RBC免疫功能。ACTH降低CD8+T细胞含量也降低其他淋巴细胞。发现AA肉鸡激素变化比农昌Ⅱ号蛋鸡更有规律性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to research the dynomic regulation of Immunity of AA and Nong ChangⅡChicken in their growth and development in product condition, the adhesion function of erythrocyte(ratios of C3bR, IC) and the content of CD4+ , CD8+ subsets of T cells ,CD3+T cells , Bu1+B cells , K-1+ mononuclear phagocytes, IgG, IgM, IgA, GH, T3, T4, TSH, COR, ACTH were checked with new immune methods in different old days,respectively. The results showed: The quantity of Abor Aerec flesh chicken RBC was increased gradually by their growth. The RBC immunity droped from a high level from1 to 5 days and matured during 5 to 14 days. The RBC immunity of Nong ChangⅡchicken was stronger during 1 to 14 days, but decreased two weeks later, and continued for another two weeks in this level, then to a higher level continued. The CD3+ T cells of Abor Aerec chicken decreased to the lowest level on 7 days, but increased during 7 to 21 days, then decreased on 28 days by the dropping of the vaccine. The two times inoculation of vaccine both caused the increasing of the CD4+ T content. The content of CD8+ T cells decreased on 7 days, so the function of immunity was strong on this day. Then conversed. The ratios of CD4+/CD8+ gradually increased from 1 to 7 days, showed that the function of cyto-immunity became stronger. The cyto-immunity was the highest on 21 days.Nong ChangⅡchicken CD3+ T cells were influenced by vacicine from 1 to 21 days. After the second time of inoculation, the content of CD3+ T cells decreased rapidly. The two times inoculation of vaccine both increased the content of CD4+ T on 14, 28 days. The content of CD8+ T cells increased on 7 days, so the function of immunity was weak on this day. The ratios of CD4+/CD8+ gradually increased from 1 to 28 days, showed that the function of immunity became stronger. The cell immunity value decreased from 28 to 56 days. The Abor Aerec chicken B lymphocyte maybe partly transformed to plasma cell reduced the and decreased during 1 to 7 days. Both the two times inoculation of vaccine increased the content of B cells, increased from 7 to 28 days. The content of IgG increased from 1 to 5 days, the second inoculation of vaccine increased IgG.. The level of IgM was higher on 1-3days. Both the two inoculation of vaccine led to the lowest level on 14 days and the highest level on 21 days. IgA was less than IgM. The IgA variation was similar with IgM. Nong ChangⅡchicken B lymphocyte continuously rose on 1-21days. The level of K1+ Mononuclear phagocytes increased about 70 days, which caused by the pathogenic microbes destroyed cell immune and activated humoral immune. After analyzed the quantity of the GH, T3, T4, TSH, COR, ACTH, That GH affected the ratios of CD4+/CD8+ and COR restrained the growth of mononuclear phagocytes and Ig were approved. Abor Aerec flesh chicken alsowas fund that its GH dynomic changing went by with B lymphocyte and IgM、IgA, maybe GH influenced development and function of B lymphocyte. Also that both T3 and T4 could increase the T lymphocyte were discovered, the T3 inverse ratio with TSH, ACTH could depress the number of CD8+ T cells.更多还原