【作者】 宾俊毅；

【导师】 马学恩；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 基础兽医学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 实验目的:采用急性肾功能衰竭兔模型,通过对家兔血液和尿液一些生物化学指标的检测,研究家畜在急性肾功能衰竭时机能的变化情况,并通过对机体各个组织器官的组织病理学检查来阐述急性肾功能衰竭时肾脏形态学变化,及氯化汞对机体的损伤情况。材料与方法:健康雄性的獭兔15只,全部家兔随机分为ARF模型Ⅰ组、ARF模型Ⅱ组和正常对照组三组。模型组每只家兔背部皮下注射1 %氯化汞,不同的组按照相对应的剂量(0.9 ml/kg,1.7ml/kg)一次注射。24h后收集血液和尿液进行血、尿肾功能,尿常规检测、血气分析测定、血清离子检测。处死家兔进行肾重指数与肾脏及全身主要脏器的组织形态学检查。结果:急性肾功能衰竭的家兔血肌酐(SCr)、血清尿素氮(BUN)、半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂(Cys-C)、尿-微球蛋白(β2—MG)、尿微量蛋白(MAlb)含量上升,血清钙离子的含量明显降低,但尿酶、血气分析变化并不显著。肾重量增加,近曲肾小管上皮细胞变性坏死,呈现一种典型的高位肾单位肾病;肝脏细胞呈现从肿胀变性到逐渐消融的变化;其它组织细胞也出现不同程度的损伤。结论:联合三至四项早期肾损伤的敏感指标,对于肾损伤的早期诊断,肾功能损害程度及部位的判定均具有较高的价值。中毒性肾功能衰竭病程持续下去就会变为缺血因素和中毒因素共同作用综合性肾功能衰竭。其它组织器官与肾脏一样损伤程度与直接接触汞浓度的大小、作用的时间有关。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aim: Acute renal failure (ARF) in rabbits were induced by using mercuric chloride (HgCl2). The blood, urine, as well as kidney, liver and so on, after the animals being killed, were collected to examine the functional and morphological changes with ARF, in order to deeply understand the pathogenesis of ARF. Material and method:15 rabbits were divided into three groups randomly :the group of acute renal failure(ARF)Ⅰ,the group of ARFⅡand the group of control.Each rabbit in ARFⅠand ARFⅡwas given 1%HgCl2,0.9mL/kg,1.7mL/kg,by hypodermic injection ,respectively.24h later, the blood and urine were collected in order to examine the renal function changes、urine routine、blood gas analysis、serum ions. Rabbit were killed after 24、48h, analyzing the weight of kidney and histomorphology of kidney and major organs in vivo. Result: The HgCl2 induced ARF in rabbit ,the increment in serum creatinine(sCr)、blood urea nitrogen(BUN)、Cystatin C (Cys-c)、β2—microglobulin(β2—MG)、M icro-A lbum in (mAlb) and obviously reduced the concentration of serum calcium ,but the changes of urease、blood gas analysis were not significant.The weight of kidney was increase .The obvious degeneration and necrosis of epithelia in proximal tubules indicated that upper nephron nephrosis was induced by mercuric chloride. The liver varied from cellular welling、degeneration to gradually ablation .Other rhagiocrine cell present different degree of damage . Conclusion : To combine three and four sensitive index of pristine renal injury may improve the early diagnosis of renal injury and assessment of degree and regional of renal functional lesion .Toxicity ARF may turn to comprehensiveness ARF with ischemic and toxicity ARF when the course of disease is development. As the kidney ,organize in vivo have the relation between the degree of injury and concentration、time of effect by direct contact.更多还原