【作者】 张霞；

【导师】 敖长金；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文通过在绵羊基础日粮中添加鲜沙葱和提取物,实现其对粗纤维的最佳利用,节约生产成本,提高经济效益。以日粮精粗比30:70为基础,选择体况良好,体重32±1㎏,年龄2岁,装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的蒙古竭羊3只,采用分期试验设计,试验分五期完成,即对照期(以基础日粮为对照期)、水溶性期、脂溶性期、混合期、鲜沙葱期,分别在基础日粮中添加沙葱水溶性提取物、脂溶性提取物、水溶性提取物+脂溶性提取物、鲜沙葱,研究沙葱不同成分及其组合效应对瘤胃内环境、瘤胃微生物区系、纤维酶活、纤维物质在瘤胃中的降解率的影响,结果表明:1.鲜沙葱和提取物提高瘤胃pH值,降低瘤胃NH3-N浓度,TVFA浓度,各处理组与对照组相比乙丙比值有降低的趋势(p﹥0.05),说明沙葱和提取物均能够促进瘤胃发酵,优化瘤胃环境,但没有改变瘤胃发酵类型。2.鲜沙葱和提取物降低纤毛虫数量,提高BCP含量,减少氮在瘤胃中的损失。3.混合组、水溶性组和鲜沙葱组真菌数量分别较对照组提高了59.2%、45.6%和6.1%。4.鲜沙葱和提取物能够提高羧甲基纤维素酶、木聚糖酶活性,五组微晶纤维素酶活差异不显著(p﹥0.05),这就意味着添加沙葱,可加快饲料纤维易降解成分的消化速度。5.鲜沙葱和提取物能够提高瘤胃纤维分解细菌、产琥珀酸丝状杆菌、白色瘤胃球菌相对数量,五组黄化瘤胃球菌相对数量差异不显著(p>0.05)。6.用尼龙袋法测定了添加鲜沙葱日粮DM瘤胃有效降解率提高了3.37%;鲜沙葱和提取物均能提高日粮NDF、ADF的降解率;日粮DM、NDF、ADF瘤胃快速降解部分a,降解速率c有升高的趋势;慢速降解部分b有降低的趋势。更多还原

【Abstract】 Allium mongilicum regel extract were supplied to basal diet in order to realize the crude fiber was availably utilized by sheep, saving cost, improving benefit of economy. Concentrate/roughage ratio of basal diets is 30:70.The experiment was conducted by five stages. It was control(basal diet), Allium mongolicum regel fat soluble extract, Allium mongolicum regel water soluble extract, Allium mongolicum regel fat and water soluble extract (mixture),Allium mongolicum regel stages respectively.Three Mongolia sheep (weight between 32±1kg, fitted with permanent rumen cannula) was used to comparatively investigate effect of Allium mongilicum regel extract on rumen fermentation, activities of fiber hydrolytic enzymes, the microflora, the degradation of fiber substance in rumen of sheep. The result showed as follows:1. Allium mongilicum regel extact improve ruminal pH value,and decrease NH3-N and TVFA concentration, acetate percent and acetate/propionnate value was no significantly different in five stages(p﹥0.05). Propionate percent of experimental stages were higher than control stage. It showed that Allium mongolicum regel extract could promoted fermentation and optimize environment of rumen, but could not chang in the type of ruminal fermentation.2. Losing of nitrogen decrease in rumen because population of protozoa was lower than control and BCP concentration increase, All these changes were brought by supplementation Allium mongilicum regel extract in basal diet.3. The population of fungi was improved 59.2%, 45.6%, 6.1% in Allium mongilicum regel mixture extract,water soluble extract and Allium mongilicum regel stages respectively.4. Activity of CMCase and xylanase in rumen had increased significantly, but activity of avicelase no significantly different in all stages(p﹥0.05).The result showed that supplying Allium mongilicum regel extract could accelerate the digestion of easily degradable portion of fibre. It could improve initial degradation.5. Allium mongilicum regel extract improve the corresponding population of three dominating cellulolytic bacteria , B.succinogenes and R.albus,There was on significantly different of the corresponding population of R.flaveciens in all stages(p﹥0.05).6. Investigating the degradation of diet DM, NDF and ADF in rumen with nylon bag methods in sacco, the effective degradability of diet DM in rumen was improved 3.37% in Allium mongolicum regel stage.The effective degradability of diet NDF and ADF in rumen were greater in experiment stages than control stages. The results also indicate instantly degradable fraction (a) and degradable speed(c) of diet DM, NDF and ADF have elevating trend, but slowly degradable fraction (b) have reducing trend when Allium mongolicum regel extract was supplied in basal diet of sheep.更多还原