【作者】 张倩；

【导师】 热娜·卡斯木；

【作者基本信息】 新疆医科大学 ， 生药学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 锁阳科(Cynomoriaceae)植物锁阳(Cynomorium songaricum RUPR.),为肉质寄生草本,喜干旱和含盐碱的沙质地,常寄生在蒺藜科白刺属等植物根部,主分布于我国西北地区。中医药用锁阳去花序的干燥肉质茎,具有补肾阳、益精血、润肠通便的作用。维医药用锁阳全草(维药名:牙勒麦地给),具有补肾壮阳,强腰膝之功效。经文献调研发现,对锁阳全草化学成分的研究尚无报导。为了更加全面的研究锁阳的化学成分,本课题首次研究了新疆锁阳全草的化学成分,从锁阳全草中分离得到了7个单体化合物,并运用现代波谱技术结合化学方法鉴定了其中7个化合物的结构:香草内酯(capilliplactone,Ⅰ)、香草酸(vanillic acid,Ⅱ)、南酸枣苷(choerospondin,Ⅲ)、芸香苷(rutin,Ⅵ)、熊果酸(ursolic acid,Ⅷ)、胡萝卜苷(p-Sitosterol-3-O-β-glucoside,Ⅸ)、β—谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,Ⅹ),其中化合物Ⅰ和化合物Ⅱ均为首次从锁阳植物中分离得到。中药锁阳为锁阳去花序的干燥肉质茎,对于其花序是否有活性成分,经文献查阅,发现至今尚无有对其花序化学成分的研究报道,因而我们又对锁阳花序进行了化学成分的初步研究。从新疆锁阳花序95%的乙醇浸膏中分离鉴定得到4个黄酮类化合物,即:(+)-儿茶素((+)-catechin,Ⅳ)、(-)-表儿茶素-3-O-没食子酸酯((-)-eNcatechin-3-O-gallate,Ⅴ)、芸香苷(rutin,Ⅵ)和异槲皮苷(isoquerecitrin,Ⅶ)。以上四个黄酮类化合物均为首次从该植物的该部位中分离得到,其中化合物Ⅴ为首次从锁阳植物中分离得到。经对锁阳花序化学成分的研究发现,锁阳花序中的化学成分与锁阳去花序的干燥肉质茎中的化学成分基本一致,故可考虑将锁阳花序也作为锁阳资源进行进一步开发利用,扩大锁阳药用资源。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cynomorium songaricum RUPR. (Family Cynomoriacea) is an annual parasitic plant which likes harvesting in the desert regions and sandy siols, growing on the stem of Nitraria sibitica Pall. It is widely living in northwest China.In traditional Chinese medicine, Songaria Cynomorium Herb is the dried fleshy stems of Cynomorium songaricum RUPR.(Fam. Cynomoiaceae). It has the functions of strenthening the kidney, moisturizing dryness by nourishing blood and moistening the intestines and laxation. But, in Uygur medical science, the whole plant of Cynomorium songaricum RUPR. is used as medicine which can reinforce the kidney yang, replenish vital essence and blood, and to relax bowels. After look up a lot of literatures, we find that the whole plant of Cynomorium songaricum RUPR isn’t studied yet. In order to study the Chemical Constituents of this plant roundly, we have studied the chemical constituents of the whole plant in Xinjiang province for the first time, and isolated seven compounds from the whole plant of Cynomorium songaricum RUPR. They were identified as capilliplactone (I), vanillic acid(II), choerospondin (III), rutin (VI), ursolic acid (VI),β-Sitosterol-3-O-β-glucoside (IX), andβ-sitosterol (X) by chemical and spectral methods. The capilliplactone (I) and vanillic acid(II) were isolated from the Cynomorium songaricum RUPR for the first time.Songaria Cynomorium Herb is the dried fleshy stems of Cynomorium songaricum RUPR. But we don’t know whether some active compounds present in the inflorescences of Cynomorium songaricum RUPR. and the chemical constituents of the inflorescences isn’t studied yet, so we have studied on it for the first time, and isolated four flavonids from 95% EtOH extract fraction of the inflorescences of Cynomorium songaricum RUPR, such as (+)-catechin(IV), (-)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate( V), rutin(VI) and isoquerecitrin(VII). These four flavonids were isolated from the inflorescences of Cynomorium songaricum RUPR.for the first time. The (-)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate (V) was isolated from the plant of Cynomorium songaricum RUPR.for the first time.By the study on studies on the chemical constituents of the inflorescences of Cynomorium songaricum RUPR.,we find that the chemical constituents in the inflorescences of Cynomorium songaricum RUPR. are as same as that in the the dried fleshy stems of that, so we can see that the inflorescences of Cynomorium songaricum RUPR. can be used as medicine.更多还原