【作者】 陈锦飞；

【导师】 成志刚；

【作者基本信息】 湘潭大学 ， 行政管理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 中国“三农”问题的严峻性已引起社会各界的广泛关注,如何解决这一难题也受到党和政府的高度重视。改革开放以来,中国从实行家庭联产承包责任制入手,将集体劳动、平均分配的“大锅饭”式生产方式改为一家一户独立劳动、自主经营的生产方式,调动了农民的积极性。但是,这种生产和经营方式也有自身的缺陷,一家一户的“小农经济”个体力量单薄,无法实现规模经营、形成规模效应,无法作为独立的经济主体与市场经济中其它经济主体相抗衡,更无法与国际市场接轨。解决中国的“三农”问题必须探索适合中国国情的新路,而将农民组织起来,成立合作组织不失为一种有益探索。农民合作组织的形式很多,本文以农民专业合作组织为研究对象,采取文献研究、个案考察、实证分析等方法,系统梳理了农民专业合作组织的内涵、特征、类型及运行方式,并在分析中国农民专业合作组织发展历程的基础上,剖析了中国农民专业合作组织发展面临的组织自身定位不准确、组织法律地位不明确、政府政策支持乏力、内部治理机制不完善等问题,并分析了产生这些问题原因:观念陈旧、认识偏差,公民社会发育程度不高,农村经营管理体制不完善和农民整体素质偏低,自我管理能力较弱等。目前,中国农民专业合作组织面临着良好的发展机遇:党和政府的高度重视为其发展提供政治保障,政府体制改革的深入为其发展提供广阔空间,市场经济体制的完善为其发展提供经济基础,对外的进一步开放为其发展提供外部支持和公民社会的发育为其发展提供社会条件等。为推动中国农民专业合作组织的良性有序发展并充分发挥其功能,政府应出台措施促成其发展,农民专业合作组织应抓住机遇谋求发展。一方面,加强农民专业合作组织的立法;加大政府对农民专业合作组织的政策支持力度;拓宽农民专业合作组织的筹资渠道。另一方面,完善农民专业合作组织的内部治理机制;健全农民专业合作组织的教育和培训制度。更多还原

【Abstract】 The severity of China’s issues of“three rural”has aroused wide-spread concern. The Party and the government have also paid highly attention to solving this problem. Since the reform and opening-up, China has adapted the house-hold contract responsibility system, transferring the mode of production from the“iron rice bowl”to one of independent operation. However, this mode of production has its own flaws——as a producer and operator, the forces of the family or the individual are mot strong enough to master their own destiny. The small-scale farmer economy can’t be operated on large-scale, so it can’t achieve the largest effect, nor can it compete with other economics entities in the market economy as an independent one, let alone match the international market. To solve the issue of“three rural”, we must explore a new way suited to China’s national conditions. The establishment of a co-operative organization of farmers can be regarded as one of some use.There are many forms of co-operative organization. This paper exclusively studies the professional co-operative organization of the farmers, using the methods of literature research, case study and empirical analysis. The author systematically elaborates the connotation, characteristics, types and modes of operation of this organization. Based on the analysis of the development process of this organization, the author discusses the following problems: the inaccuracy of its self-positioning, the unclerity of its legal status and the weakness of the government’s policy support as well as the imperfect mechanism of internal control. The author also analyzes the reasons for these problems: out-dated concepts, misunderstandings, the development of the public is not high, the market economy system is mot perfect and the overall low quality of farmers and weak self-management.Currently, there are good opportunities for the development of Professional Cooperative Organization for Chinese Farmers (PCOCF). For example, the highly attention of the Party and government provides insurance; the deepening of the reform of the government provides broad scope of development; the improvement of the market economy system provides the infrastructure development, the further opening to outside world provides external support; the development of civil society provides social conditions. To promote the benign and orderly development of the PCOCF and to bring it into full play, the organization itself should seek opportunities and offer more policy-related support. On the one hand, we should intensify the legislation of PCOCF and improve the policy support towards PCOCF and also increase formed-raising channels .On the other hand ,we should improve the internal mechanism of PCOCF and strengther the cooperation education and training system of PCOCF.更多还原