【作者】 李楠；

【导师】 郑建州； 谷晓明；

【作者基本信息】 贵州师范大学 ， 环境科学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以贵州茂兰国家级自然保护区喀斯特洞穴鱼及其所在的洞穴水环境为研究对象,研究了洞穴水环境与洞穴鱼之间的关系。在2005年10月到2006年11月期间,分丰水期和枯水期对茂兰喀斯特洞穴鱼类、水生浮游生物、洞口植物及其它环境因子进行采集或测量,共获得鱼类标本208尾,分属于3目,7科,6亚科,27属,37种。其中,典型洞穴鱼2科2属2种,分别是鳅科Cobitidae高原鳅属Triplophysa的荔波盲高原鳅Triplophysa liboensis,鲤科Cyprinidae鲃亚科Barbinae金线鲃属Sinocyclocheilus的巨须金线鲃Sinocyclocheilus hugibarbus,共18尾标本。其余190尾标本中非典型洞穴鱼143尾,地表鱼47尾;浮游植物(藻类)3门16种;洞穴浮游动物4大类6种。此外,还实地监测了洞穴水环境的多项理化指标。利用spss11.5对生物因子和非生物因子进行相关性分析后得出,洞穴水体中浮游生物与洞穴鱼类的采集量成显著正相关,洞穴水体中溶解氧与鱼类分布无明显相关性,光照对鱼类形态变化、生活习性的影响较为明显。通过对茂兰地区金线鲃属和高原鳅属两属中典型洞穴鱼、非典型洞穴鱼以及地表种的形态测量和环境适应性分析,得出它们受环境被动选择后的形态结构的变异方向及器官演化的大致方式。本研究充实了茂兰国家级自然保护区洞穴鱼类与洞穴水环境关系方面的基础资料,同时也拓宽了我国喀斯特洞穴鱼类的研究视野,为茂兰保护区进一步保护喀斯特洞穴鱼提供了有益的借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper deals with troglobite-fish and water environment those fish lived in karst caves of Maolan National Natural Reserve of Guizhou, The relationship between water environment in karst caves and troglobite-fish were studied. During the period from October of 2005 to November of 2006, troglobite-fish, zooplanktons, phytoplanktons and plants at the entrance to karst caves had been collected. Environment genes in Maolan karst caves were collected or measured twice respectively in high water period and low water period. Altogether 208 troglobite fish samples, which belong to 37 species, 27 genus, 6 subfamilies, 7 families and 3 orders, had been collected. Among them, there are 18 typical troglobite fish belonging to 2 species, 2 genus, 6 subfamilies, 2 families; 143 untypical troglobite-fish, 47 upper-fish. There are 16 species, 3 phylum of algae and 6 species 4 categories of zooplanktons.After careful analysis with SPSS11.5 version , we find that there is a close relationship between the zooplanktons & phytoplanktons and troglobite fish. All of the three form a simple food chain in cave water. No obvious correlation has been found between DO and troglobite-fish. We conclude that illumination has a regular influence on the feeding of troglobite-fish in upground rills of the underground rills.This paper also analyzes the shape and environmental adaptability of Sinocyclocheilus & Triplophysa among typical troglobite fish, semi-troglobite fish and cave-inhabiting fish in Maolan areas of the plateau and typical cavern is two fish, educing that they come by choice and the environment passive organ size and morphological variation broadly evolution law.The research enriches materials about the relationships between troglobite-fish and water environment in karst caves of Maolan National Natural Reserve of Guizhou and expands research vision of troglobite-fish in karst caves.更多还原