【作者】 吴海鹏；

【导师】 江亲瑜； 朴明伟； 李宝良；

【作者基本信息】 大连交通大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 高速磁浮车是20世纪的一项技术发明。20世纪60年代以来，德国、日本对常导和超导两种磁浮技术模式进行了深入研究和反复试验，并均取得了令世人瞩目的进展。为了缩短与德国、日本等发达国家磁浮交通技术的差距，国家863确立了《高速磁浮列车研制(一)》课题(长春轨道客车有限责任公司)，以加快磁悬浮车国产化与创新研究的步伐。高速磁浮车(以下简称磁浮车)是依靠电磁吸力将列车悬浮于轨道上，并利用电磁铁进行导向，实现列车与地面轨道间的无机械接触，再利用线性同步电机驱动列车运行。磁浮车主要由车体和走行部组成，其中，走行部是由悬浮／导向模块与悬浮框架搭接所构成的弹性链结构，车体通过摇枕和空簧与走行部之间实现多点支承。课题研究难点在于：(1)磁浮车是一个机械—电磁—控制集成的复杂动力学系统；(2)由于磁轨轨距(2200mm)和分布式“磁轮”形式，曲线通过动力性能需要基于新的磁浮导向原理进行分析；(3)无接触电磁导向要求磁浮曲线连续光滑，特别是小半径曲线精度要求很高。为了解决以上难题，本文选用协同仿真技术平台，将磁浮车划分为三类基本模块——磁浮单元、悬浮框架和车体；对于磁浮轨道样条线设计，在MATLAB环境中使用三次样条线拟合，再到ADAMS里通过B-样条线圆滑，最后利用磁浮单元进行虚拟线路巡检，以保证磁浮曲线精度。根据研究具体要求，利用三类基本模块，组装半车、整车和动车组模型，并进行小半径曲线通过的导向原理和动态性能仿真研究。从计算值与仿真值对比分析来看，模型及仿真结果是基本准确的，如对于车体与走行部的几何关系(摆杆摆角、相对横移)，两者结果很接近。整车和动车组多种工况仿真分析表明：悬浮转向架菱形刚度(前后悬浮框架相对横向变形刚度)对电磁横向力具有非常敏感的影响，同时，转向架相对车体横移偏转造成端部悬浮单元的减载问题。总之，以上所做的仿真研究工作，有助于国产化磁浮车动力学性能的进一步深入研究，对于磁浮车设计具有一定的理论指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The high-speed maglev vehicle is one of the 20th century technique inventions. Since the 1960’s, some thorough researches and repeated-test trials about two kinds of magnetic levitation techniques, that is, Electro-Magnetic mode and Superconductive mode, have been carried on in Germany and Japan, resulting to make great progresses which get more and more focus from all countries in the world. In order to shorten the gap of magnetic levitation transportation with developed countries like Germany and Japan, Chinese Government has established the High-speed Maglev Vehicle Development (I) as a part of national 863 developing program ( Source: Changchun Railway Vehicle Co., Ltd), which will promote the creative researches in the Chinese-made maglev vehicle development.The high-speed maglev vehicle (maglev vehicle for short as follow) is suspended and guided in the air by electromagnetic suspensions, which realizes the non-contact between wheels and rails, and then is hauled by linear synchronous electric-machines. The maglev vehicle is mainly composed of carbody and walking assembly, in which walking assembly is the flexible chain structure of levitation and guidance modules and levitating framework, and carbody is multi-supported with walking assembly through bolsters and air-springs.There are the following difficulties in this topic study: First, maglev vehicle is a complex dynamical system which is integrated the interactions with mechanics-electromagnet-control; Secondly, because of maglev rail gauge (2200mm) and distributed-type of maglev rail-wheels, the curve-negotiation performance is needed to be analyzed based on the novel guidance principle; Thirdly, non-contact guidance requires that maglev rails must be continued smoothly, especially the even more precision is necessary for the min. radio curve.For solving the above problems, with the collaborative platform of simulation and design technologies, the maglev vehicle is divided into three classes of elementary models, that is, maglev unit, levitating frame and carbody. According to maglev railway curve design, the sectional cubic-splines are joined in MATLAB, which are then fitted smoothly by the B-spline technology in ADAMS, and are examined by the virtual cruise of maglev unit to make sure the correctness of maglev curve. As the requirements of specific researches, half-vehicle, full-vehicle and 3-vehicle trainset model are assembled with the three elementary modules, the negotiations of that traveled on small radius curved-track are simulated and the maglev guide principle is analyzed.From the contrast analyses between the calculated values and simulated ones, model and simulation result are basically correct, for example, the both calculations of the geometric relations between carbody and walking assembly (the link yaw angle and bogies’ lateral displacement, etc.) are very close to each other. Simulation analysis of full-vehicle and 3-vehicle trainset running on various kinds of curves indicate that rhombus stiffness of maglev bogie have a sensitive effect to lateral electromagnet forces, while the lateral displacements of bogie result in unloading problem in end maglev units. In a word, all above simulation works would help further researching the dynamic performance of Chinese-made maglev vehicle and have certain guidance significance for maglev vehicle design in theory.更多还原