【作者】 徐云侠；

【导师】 全燮；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 水科学与技术， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 城镇污水处理厂大多采用活性污泥法处理污水，其氮、磷去除效果不理想。以A／O法为代表的脱氮工艺的应用使城镇污水的脱氮效果大幅度提高，但该工艺需要硝化液回流，建设、运行费用较高，在实际使用中受到限制。移动床生物膜反应器（MBBR）因具有较好的脱氮除磷效果越来越受到人们的重视，是一个非常具有发展前景的科研领域。本文系统比较了MBBR和活性污泥A／O工艺的有机物去除能力及脱氮性能，实验研究发现：进水COD、NH₄⁺-N浓度分别为为1000 mg／L、25 mg／L时，改变HRT，发现HRT为8 h时，MBBR和A／O工艺的处理效果较好，COD去除率分别为92％、78％；TN去除率分别为94％、82％。HRT为8 h，改变进水COD浓度，当进水浓度为500 mg／L时，MBBR和A／O工艺COD去除率达到95％和92％。进水COD浓度在200～1000 mg／L的范围内，MBBR的NH₄⁺-N去除率不受进水浓度影响，稳定在97％左右。A／O工艺NH₄⁺-N去除率随进水COD浓度的升高而增加，这和传统理论相悖，推测在A／O工艺中发生了异养硝化。进水COD浓度为600mg／L时，二者TN去除率分别为95％和84％。进水NH₄⁺-N浓度在20～80 mg／L的范围内，MBBR氨氮去除率维持在90％以上，TN去除率相应的从95％降至78％。A／O中氨氮去除率在进水浓度为60 mg／L时为53％，80mg／L时仅为43％。实验还考察了不同进水COD浓度下两工艺微生物相。结果表明：MBBR填料上的生物相非常丰富。进水COD浓度升高，MBBR生物膜浓度维持在2400 mg／L左右，但反应器中悬浮物逐渐增多，影响出水水质。A／O工艺通过污泥回流和排泥控制污泥浓度为2500mg／L。由于温度突然升高，A／O工艺在五月初发生污泥膨胀，改连续运行为间歇运行，膨胀趋势得到控制。实验最后比较了MBBR和A／O工艺对实际城市生活污水中有机物及氮的去除效果。结果表明：HRT为6 h时，二者COD去除率分别为81％和79％；TN去除率分别为10％、17％。即在有机物去除方面MBBR略占优势，但TN去除效果均不理想。向原污水中投加葡萄糖以改变进水C／N比，确定COD浓度在300～400 mg／L之间时，MBBR对NH₄⁺-N和TN的去除效果均明显优于A／O工艺，二者NH₄⁺-N去除率分别为90％和70％，TN去除率分别为83％和64％。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sewage treatment plants mostly use the activated sludge process, and the removal effectof its nitrogen、phosphorus is not high effective. The application of A/O process causes theeffect of nitrogen removal enhanced, but this process have many shortcomings,such as highcost of construction,operating and needing circumfluence of nitrifying liquid. Moving bedbiofilm reactor （MBBR） has good effect for nitrogen and phosphorus removal, and it maydevelop well in the future.This paper compares the effect of organic matter and nitrogen removal by MBBR andA/O process.The results show that:Under the condition of influent COD and NH₄⁺-N concentration of 1000 mg/L and 25mg/L respectively,varying HRT and fred out that when HRT is 8 h, the removal rate of CODand TN in MBBR reaches 92％and 94％, respectively, and those in A/O are 78％and 82％,respectively.MBBR has better resistant to organic shock loads than that of A/O. When HRT is 8 hand influent COD concentration is 500 mg/L, COD removing rate of MBBB and A/Oachieves 95％and 92％respectively. When influent COD concentration is between 200 mg/L～1000 mg/L, NH₄⁺-N removing rate of MBBR stabilizes about 97％; When influent CODconcentration is 600 mg/L, TN removing rate of MBBR and A/O is 95％and 84％respectively. With influent COD concentration increased, the removing rate of NH₄⁺-N ofA/O increases all along, that disobeys the traditional theory. So we conjecture that the actionof heterotrophic nitrobacteria occurres in the A/O process.When influent NH₄⁺-N concentration is between 20 mg/L～80 mg/L, NH₄⁺-N removingrate ofMBBR maintens above 90％; TN removing rate falls from 95％to 78％. NH₄⁺-Nremoving rate is 53％in A/O reactor when influent NH₄⁺-N concentration is 60 mg/L,and isonly 43％when influent NH₄⁺-N concentration is 80 mg/L.The microbiology phase of two processes under different COD concentration is inspectedin this paper. The results show that the organism in MBBR is extremely rich. With influentCOD concentration increased, the biomembrane concentration maintains about 2400 mg/L inMBBR, but in the reactor the aerosol organism gradually increases, that makes the effluentwater quality become wores. The sludge concentration of A/O process maitaines 2500 mg/Lthrough sludge backflow and the row of putty control. Because of suddenly elevating of temperature, A/O process has had a sludge expanding in the beginning of May, the inflationtendency is controlled through changing continuous running to batch operation.At last, the experiment compares the treatment effect of organic matter and nitrogen tothe actual city life sewage between MBBR and A/O process. The results indicate that WhenHRT is 6 h, their COD removing rate are 81％and 79％respectively. Bio-denitrification isrestrained in low concentration municipal wastewater, where TN removal is only 10％and17％, respectively. Along with exterior carbon source being added, nitrification and denitrifi-cation in wastewater increased. When COD concentration reaches 300～400 mg/L in the feed,TN removal in MBBR is obviously higher than that in A/O. At that time, TN removalincreases to 83％and 64％respectively.更多还原