【作者】 徐俊杰；

【导师】 费艳颖； 罗海山；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 民商法学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 时效制度是民法的一项古老而重要的法律制度之一，时效包括取得时效和消灭时效。由于受到前苏联时效制度立法模式的影响，在1986年颁行的《中华人民共和国民法通则》中仅规定了诉讼时效，而未将取得时效包含其中。随着我国市场经济的发展和法律制度的不断完善，学者对这一制度的意义已经基本达成共识。因此，在《中华人民共和国民法典(草案)》中涉及了取得时效的内容。但在十届全国人大五次会议上通过的《中华人民共和国物权法》并没有将取得时效制度纳入其中。这说明如何将这一制度妥善的移植到具有中国特色的法律制度中，仍有许多问题值得深入探讨。本文主要研究取得时效的适用范围问题，以期对我国的民事时效制度的完善有一点借鉴意义。本文运用了法解释学、历史研究和法经济学的方法对取得时效的适用范围问题进行研究。全文共分为五章，分别是：第一章论述了取得时效及其适用范围的基本理论。本章从取得时效的涵义、适用范围的涵义、历史演变及其构成要件四方面进行阐述。第二章阐述了所有权取得时效。本章认为，目前争议较大的遗失物所有权、埋藏物所有权在特定情形下可以适用取得时效。不动产所有权取得时效应区分情况分别对待。未登记不动产所有权适用取得时效已无异议，建议将已登记不动产所有权纳入到取得时效的适用范围中。第三章着重探讨了他物权取得时效。本章认为，用益物权包括基地使用权、农地使用权和邻地使用权，这三种权利在不同程度上有适用取得时效的余地。由于担保物权中的抵押权不符合取得时效的构成要件，因此没有适用取得时效的可能性。而质权制度中质权善意取得与取得时效有稍许相似之处，可以认为质权有适用该制度的可能。新颁布的物权法中规定的留置权属于债权的留置权，符合取得时效的构成要件，可以适用取得时效制度。第四章主要分析了其他财产权取得时效。除了顾客权之外，由于无形财产权和准物权的特殊性质决定了其不能适用取得时效。笔者主张合法同居期间的婚前个人财产权可以适用取得时效，并且论述了可以适用的理由。第五章重点检讨了我国取得时效适用范围的立法缺陷，并对如何完善我国取得时效的适用范围提出了立法建议。当然，这些建议是否真正可行、是否具有可操作性，还需要进行更加深入地分析和研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 The prescription system is one of the ancient and important legal systems of Civil Law, which include acquisitive prescription and extinctive prescription. For the influence of the prescription system of institution model in Russia, where the General Rules of Civil Law has only legislated extinctive prescription without acquisitive prescription. In the process of drawing up the drafts plan of Civil Code, the experts in Civil Law are beginning to discuss whether we should draw up acquisitive prescription in our country. With the development of our market economy and the legal system, scholars have recognized the significance of acquisitive prescription. Therefore, there are a few contents of acquisitive prescription in the drafts of Civil Code. But Real Right Law still has not legislated. While lots of problems about acquisitive prescription are worth further researching, so this article is going to discuss the scope of acquisitive prescription, which is a core in the acquisitive prescription system, in the view of providing some useful advices to our prescription system.This article is divided into five totally, managing three methods, respectively is:The first part of the article introduces the theory of acquisitive prescription, which includes the meaning of acquisitive prescription, the scope of acquisitive prescription, the history of acquisitive prescription, and so on.The second part of the article expounds ownership acquisitive prescription. This chapter thinks that the lost objects and the berried objects are applied to acquisitive prescription in the particular condition. As to estate ownership acquisitive prescription, we advise unregistered estate and registered estate should be applied to acquisitive prescription.The third part of the article discusses his real right. This chapter thinks that usufruct of immovable property can be applied to acquisitive prescription differently. Because of the essential elements of acquisitive prescription, mortgage power can’t be applied to acquisitive prescription. While quality power is similar to acquisitive prescription, it can be applied to acquisitive prescription. Lien of real right guaranteed can be applied to acquisitive prescription, too.The fourth part of the article mainly analyzes other property acquisitive prescription. Because of incorporeal property right and precise real right are different from other properties, they shouldn’t be applied to acquisitive prescription, excepting custom property. Premarital personal property is my innovation in this text, and I suggest premarital personal property can be applied to acquisitive prescription.The last part of the article emphasis the legal limitation of acquisitive prescription in our country. And then I put forward how to perfect the scope of acquisitive prescription. Certainly, these suggestions whether viable are worthy to analyze and research.更多还原