【作者】 何佑勇；

【导师】 杨钢桥；

【作者基本信息】 华中农业大学 ， 土壤学， 2007， 硕士

【副题名】On Case of Qianjiang, Hubei

【摘要】 耕地资源紧缺长期成为我国社会经济发展的制约因素，而土地资源要实现可持续利用，必须转变土地粗放利用的模式。加强对耕地集约利用的探讨，对合理利用有限的耕地，提高耕地综合利用效益有着重要的意义。本研究从人地关系的角度出发，结合可持续发展的理念，通过构建基于PSR模型的评价指标体系，对研究区2001至2004年的耕地集约利用水平进行了综合评价；在此基础上，利用ESDA与GIS相结合的方法，对耕地利用集约度的空间差异进行了分析；通过对集约利用程度的分析，结合研究区实际情况，提出提高耕地集约利用水平的意见和建议。本文取得的主要成果有：(1)构建了耕地集约利用评价PSR模型。从人地关系的角度入手，对耕地集约利用内涵进行探讨。耕地集约利用是指以区域土地资源科学配置和结构优化为前提，在有限的耕地面积上合理增加相关生产要素投入，最大限度地提高耕地利用的综合效益，充分发掘耕地利用潜力，节约宝贵的耕地资源，从而在耕地利用上走内涵挖潜和持续发展的道路。在此基础上，构建了基于PSR模型的评价指标体系，并对各个指标的含义进行了分析。(2)对潜江市耕地进行集约利用评价。在PSR模型框架下，用层次分析法确定各指标权重，将评价指标数值进行量化后，利用综合评价模型计算各乡镇耕地集约利用程度。并从不同年份及空间分布上对耕地集约利用水平进行了比较和分析。计算结果显示，潜江市耕地集约利用水平处于中等水平，各乡镇集约度在25-80之间；从空间上看，2001到2004年，研究区东北部竹根滩等乡镇耕地集约利用均处于相对较低水平，中西部张金镇、龙湾镇与北部高石碑镇、王场镇等则一直保持较高的集约利用水平，东南部渔洋镇等地则耕地集约利用水平呈逐年提升趋势。(3)利用ESDA和GIS结合的方法，对潜江市耕地利用集约程度的空间变异进行了分析，探索空间分布的规律和现实意义。结果显示，研究区各乡镇之间虽然存在着正的空间效应，使其与周边地区之间呈现相互联系和相互影响的发展趋势，但高值区的扩散效应不显著，范围比较局限，对周边乡镇未产生较大的辐射带动作用。因此，今后应加强各乡镇之间的合作和交流，以引导农户提高耕地集约利用程度。(4)根据对潜江市耕地集约利用综合评价及空间变异规律的分析，从节约用地入手，在确保耕地数量和质量动态平衡的基础上，依靠科技进步，加速提升潜江市耕地集约利用水平。具体可从以下几个方面入手：建立耕地地力保养和环境保护制度；大力加强农村土地整理；建立和完善耕地保护制度，严禁违法违规出让耕地；合理规划，优化农业用地结构，提高农业土地利用综合效益；依靠科技进步，提高耕地资源的综合效益及土地的产出率。更多还原

【Abstract】 The shortage of cultivated land resources in China as a long-term socio-economic development constraints, and land resources to implement sustainable use,we must change the extensive land use pattern. Strengthening of intensive land use inthe rational use of limited arable land, improve effectiveness, farmland is of importantsignificance.This research embarks from the relationship between people and land, combiningthe concept of sustainable development. By building on the PSR model evaluationsystem in the study area from 2001 to 2004 the level of intensive use of land for acomprehensive evaluation; In this foundation, the method which unifies using ESDAand GIS, has carried on the analysis to the space difference of the intensive degree offarming using; Through to the utilization analysis, and actual situation research area,the opinion and the suggestion about raises the cultivated land intensive use level haveproposed.Some of the main achievements of this thesis can be summarized as follows:(1) Constructs the intensive use to appraise the PSR model. The cultivated landintensive use is refers take the region land resource science disposition and thestructure optimization as a premise, in limited cultivated area reasonable increasecorrelation element of production investment, quantity and quality and quantity bothgiven due importance, maximum limit enhances the farming use the comprehensivebenefit, fully excavates the farming use potential, saves the precious farmingresources, thus walks the path in the farming use which the connotation digs dives andcontinues to develop. Obtains from the person relations angle, constructs based on thePSR model appraisal target system, and has carried on the analysis to each targetmeaning.(2) To studies the area farming to carry on the intensive use appraisal, under thePSR model frame, with the level analytic method determined various targets weight,will appraise the target value to carry on the quantification after a subordinationfunction, will calculate various villages and towns cultivated land intensive degree ofutilization using the synthesis appraisal model. Calculations showed that QianjiangCity intensive use of arable land at a moderate level.(3) Using ESDA and the GIS union method, to studies the area fanning useintensive degree the spatial variation to carry on the analysis, the exploration spatialdistribution rule and the practical significance. The result showed, between the research area various villages and towns although has the three-dimensional effect,causes it the development tendency which presents with the peripheral localitybetween mutually relates and mutually affects, but GAO Zhiqu diffusion effect is notremarkable, the scope comparison limitation, has not had the bigger radiation impetusfunction to the peripheral villages and towns. Therefore, will be supposed tostrengthen between various villages and towns from now on the cooperation and theexchange, will guide the peasant household to enhance the cultivated land intensivedegree of utilization.(4) Through the farming use intensive degree analysis, has discussed the questionwhich in the cultivated land intensive use exists, put forward the enhancementintensive degree of utilization proposal and the measure.更多还原