【作者】 周舜尧；

【导师】 高翅；

【作者基本信息】 华中农业大学 ， 园林植物与观赏园艺， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 中国与欧洲的古典园林分别作为中西方两大园林体系的代表，在各自的发展过程中都经历了萌芽、形成、发展和成熟时期。中西方的帝王园林更是其集大成者，分别代表了中西方当时造园艺术的最高成就，直至今天，仍然是现代园林艺术的有益参考。中国皇家园林是指以北方皇家园林为代表的中国山水园，自南北朝形成自然式的园林风格到中国园林古典时期结束(清末)，其造园风格就未发生重大改变，随着时间的推移而臻于精致和完美。西方帝王园林直到17世纪，勒诺特尔式的造园风格席卷西欧。在吸收意大利文艺复兴园林造园元素和特点的基础上，冲破传统的规则式造园形式，以更加宏伟的规则式设计手法迅速发展起来，利用轴线将周围的自然元素如天空、森林、河流引入园林之中，形成“伟大风格”，成为17世纪西方园林艺术的主流。论文运用平行比较和历史比较为主的综合研究方法，对轴线在中西方的形成及其内涵进行了简要概括；从几何学原理分析了轴线的构成、特征及其分类，从轴线与园林立意、外围环境、结构布局、景色结构、序列空间、视觉关系等方面分析了中西方帝王园林的异同。总的来说，中国的皇家园林与西方的帝王园林虽然都大量运用了轴线，但有着两种完全不同的风格和内涵。中国皇家园林仍然体现出天人合一的理念，反映了人为美和自然美的高度和谐，而西方帝王园林则更多地是体现人为的秩序和控制，反映了“古典艺术”艺术的统一性，绝对君权的政治理想。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the outstanding representation of the east and west garden systems, the Chinese classical garden and the European classical garden all had undergone stages of germination, formation, development and maturity. The royal gardens of both China and Europe which represent the greatest achievements of the two systems are still the useful references for today’s landscape design.Chinese royal garden refers to the Northern natural gardens of the Ancient imperial family. Since the foundation of the Northern and Southern Dynasty to the end of the late Qing Dynasty, its style had not undergone major changes, and with time, it has become more delicate and perfect than ever before.On the other hand, the Le Notre style which has swept Western Europe at the 17th century, which had absorbed the Italian Renaissance garden style and transcended the traditional forms, had actually utilized the axis to unify the natural elements (like the sky, the forest and the river) and the buildings together. It had formed the so-called "great style", which has influenced the landscape architecture ever since. It was epoch-making and created a new phase of the landscape art and also had an important influence on Chinese royal garden design. Therefore the comparative study of the Chinese and European royal gardens has become a significant issue of the landscape art research.The paper used the parallel comparison method and historical comparison method synthetically to generalize the formation and the different meanings of the Chinese and western axes. It also used the geometry principles to analyze the structure, the characters and the categories of the axis while comparing the differences of the concept, environment, overall arrangement, scenic framework, space sequences, visual relations of the Chinese and western royal gardens. In conclusion, although the Chinese and western royal gardens all used axes, the connotation of the two systems were distinct. Unlike the western royal garden, which emphasized the order and the control of the man (especially the king) to the nature most, the Chinese royal garden paid more attention to the harmony between man and nature.更多还原