【作者】 李江；

【导师】 周小秋；

【作者基本信息】 四川农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文研究幼建鲤的肌醇典型缺乏症，以及饵料中肌醇缺乏对幼建鲤消化能力和免疫功能的影响。选择体重为10.31±0.04g的健康幼建鲤360尾，平均分成两组组分别为处理1和处理2，每组180尾，每组设三个重复，每个重复60尾，分别饲喂含肌醇450、0mg／Kg的纯合饵料，试验期80天。结果表明：肌醇缺乏会引起幼建鲤出现眼睛充血、体表出血糜烂、鳍条糜烂等症状；内脏器官整体颜色暗淡，肝胰脏黄褐色，萎缩；肠道颜色发白，肠壁变薄。处理2与处理1相比幼建鲤增重、摄饵量极显著降低（P＜0.01）；饵料系数极显著升高（P＜0.01）；肌醇缺乏极显著的降低了肠长、肠重、肠体指数、肝胰脏重和肝体指数（P＜0.01）；处理2与处理1相比，肠重和肠体指数分别比处理1降低了64.71％和34.81％。肌醇缺乏肝胰脏和肠道蛋白含量有极显著的影响（P＜0.01），处理2的肝胰脏和肠道蛋白含量比处理1分别降低了12.91％和16.24％。肌醇缺乏极显著的降低了肠胰蛋白酶活性、肠胰凝乳蛋白酶活性、肠脂肪酶活性、肠淀粉酶活性、肠碱性磷酸酶活性、肠Na⁺，K⁺-ATP酶活性、肠γ-谷胺酰转肽酶、肌酸激酶活性（P＜0.01）；肌醇缺乏极显著降低了肾脏和脾脏重量、脾体指数、血液红白细胞数量，肌醇缺乏导致攻毒前和成活率分别降低了38.33％和20％。肌醇缺乏极显著的降低了血清溶菌酶含量、血清凝集素效价、总铁结合力、补体C₃、补体C₄、IgM含量（P＜0.01）。结果说明：幼建鲤肌醇的典型缺乏症为眼睛充血、体表出血糜烂、鳍条糜烂。肌醇缺乏引起幼建鲤鱼肝胰脏整体萎缩发黄、肠道整体发白，肠壁变薄。肌醇缺乏导致幼建鲤生长受阻。肌醇缺乏导致幼建鲤消化器官的发育异常和消化吸收相关酶活降低从而使幼建鲤的消化吸收能力下降。肌醇缺乏导致了幼建鲤抵抗疾病的物理屏障受损、血清补体C₃和C₄含量、凝集素效价、总铁结合力和溶菌酶含量下降，从而降低了幼建鲤的先天性性免疫力；通过阻碍了免疫器官生长发育，减少了血液白细胞数量造成血清IgM含量的降低从而使幼建鲤的获得性免疫力下降。从而使得幼建鲤疾病抵抗力的下降，表现为攻毒前后的死亡率增高，存活率下降。更多还原

【Abstract】 The experiment was conducted to study the effect of insitol deficiency on pathological changes, digestive and immune function of juvenile Jian Carp （Cypdnus carpio Var. Jian）. 360 juvenile Jian carps（initial weight 10.31±0.04g） were randomly allocated to 2 groups feeding the purified diet containing insitol 450 mg/Kg, feeding the respectively for 80 days. During trail stage, insitol deficiency symptoms in juvenile Jian carps were observed, such as eyes hyperaemia, body surface and caudal fin erosion. The another symptoms, such as entire internal organs dull, atrophy yellow brown hepatopancreas and thinner and more white intestinal tract. The insitol deficiency significantly decreased juvenile Jian carps weight gain, bait intake, the length and weight of intestines, pancrea, hepatopancreas weight/body weight and intestines weight/body weight, intestines weight and intestines weight/body weight（P＜0.01）, markedly increased the influence of bait coefficient（P＜0.01）. The insitol deficiency significantly decreased the protein content of hepatopancreas and intestines decreased. The activity of intestine trypase, chymotrypsin, lipase, entero-amylase, alkaline phosphatase, Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase,γ- GT and creatinkinase were all significantly decreased（P＜0.01）. The insitol deficiency markedly decreased the activity of serum lysozyma, the level of serum agglutinin, total iron binding capacity, significantly decreased the content of complementC₃、C₄ and IgM（P＜0.01）, decreased the survival rate 38.33％and 20％before or behind eliminating toxic material. The kidney, spleed weight/body weight, the number of blood akaryocyte, leucocyte were also significantly decreased. the results showed that: the typical insitol deficiency symptoms were eyes hyperaemia, body surface and caudal fin erosion, entire internal organs dull, atrophy yellow brown hepatopancreas and thinner and more white intestinal tract. The insitol deficiency made decreased digestion and absorbing ability through dysplasia of digestive organs and decreasing the enzymes activity that relating to digest and absord. The insitol deficiency made decreased innate immunity through by decreased serum lysozyme activity, the level of lectin, serum total iron-binding capacity, serum complement C₃ contents and serum complement C₄ contents. The insitol deficiency made decreased adaptive immunity through hindering the growth and development of immune organs, decreasing the number of blood leucocyte and akaryocyte, the content of IgM. The decreased ability of resisting diseases finally made decreased survival rate, before and after challenge.更多还原