【作者】 李伟；

【导师】 刘晓平； 黄伦超；

【作者基本信息】 长沙理工大学 ， 水力学及河流动力学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 水资源的开发不仅包括防洪和发电,还有灌溉和航运。其中航运对国民经济发展起着很重要的作用。因此,从综合利用水资源的角度,水利枢纽必须修建通航建筑物,提高河流通航能力。目前,通航建筑物常采用船闸,船闸的上下游引航道与河流(或运河)相连接的口门区及连接段,是过闸船舶(队)进出引航道的咽喉,船闸引航道口门区水流条件的好坏直接影响到过闸船舶的安全。解决好船闸引航道口门区的流态是涉及船舶航行安全和通航效率的问题,从规划设计直至通航运转,都需要高度重视引航道口门区流态的问题。因此,改善船闸引航道口门区水流条件具有重要的现实意义。本文首先综述了国内外学者对船闸引航道口门区水流条件及其改善措施的研究,论述了各种改善措施的适用性以及优缺点;根据船闸引航道口门区水流特点,推导出船闸引航道口门区的回流长度的理论计算模式,并应用数学模型对参数进行拟合,从而确定船闸引航道口门区回流长度的经验公式;通过水槽试验,研究隔流堤堤头的透空范围、开孔率、开孔方式等对引航道口门区水流条件影响,并得到隔流堤堤头的相对最佳透空范围、开孔率以及透空方式,研究结果可为实际工程隔流堤的设计提供参考依据,同时对试验所测的回流长度与经验公式所得的回流长度进行对比分析;并且研究了透空隔流堤对引航道口门区三维水流结构的影响;最后对隔流堤堤头开孔改善船闸引航道口门区水流条件进行了理论分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 The development of water resources includes not only flood prevention and electricity generation, but also irrigation and shipping. Shipping plays a very important role in the development of national economy. Therefore, for using water resources synthesisly, navigation structure must build the hydro-junction, which enhances the ability of navigation. At present, navigable structure is the throat of approaching channel, it’s located in the edge of hydrodynamic river and still water of approaching channel.Navigation facility is an essential constituent in the hydro-junction building. The flow condition in the entrance of approaching is a vital problem about ships navigation security and navigation the efficiency in both planning design and navigation operation. Therefore, it has very important realism meaning to improve the flow condition in the entrance of approaching channel.Firstly, the article summarizes some researches on flow conditions in the entrance of approaching channel and improvement measures advanced by domestic and foreign scholars, and discusses the serviceability, as well as the merits and demerits of all kinds of improvement measures. According to characteristic of flow condition in the entrance of approaching channel, this paper infers a theoretic formula pattern about length of circumfluence of the entrance of approaching channel, and applies math model to fit the parameter, Thus determines empirical formula about length of circumfluence of the entrance of approaching channel. Through the tank test, the effect of permeable scope, open porosity and opening mode in partition dikes head on flow conditions in the entrance of approaching channel is researched, hence, we can obtain relative optimal permeable scope, open porosity and opening mode in partition dikes head. The results can be adopted by the design of partition dikes in practical engineering. Meanwhile the two lengths of circumfluence which are obtained on the empirical formula and the laboratory are contrastive analysized. At the same time, the impact of permeable partition dikes on three-dimensional flow structures in the entrance of approaching channel is studied. At last, the paper analysizes the flow conditions in the entrance of approaching channel on opening hole of partition dikes head.更多还原