【作者】 李洪波；

【导师】 郑殿春； 温祥龙；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨理工大学 ， 电气工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 电力系统仿真技术的研究和应用已有相当长的历史，随着仿真技术的发展和新技术的应用，仿真手段有了质的变化。本文主要针对激励式变电站仿真培训系统开展研究，即：外部电网和被仿变电站一次设备采用数字仿真，而变电站测量、控制、保护等二次设备采用实际装置。激励式变电站仿真系统是数字仿真技术与物理仿真技术相结合的成果，它的成功研制和应用，标志仿真技术在该领域有了一个新突破。本文核心内容主要阐述以下问题：1．解决了数字建模的问题。变电站仿真的核心问题是数学模型的建立问题，本文的做法是根据电力系统中网络和变电站仿真的侧重点不同采用不同的数学模型，即：电力网采用全动态仿真，认为三相电路是对称的，数学模型采用单相相量模型。变电站仿真采用三相暂态数学模型，用微分方程表示各设备元件的电量关系。2．解决了模型间协调计算的问题。在电网模型计算上考虑到不同设备的惯性时间常数的差异，采用长期模型和暂态模型两种不同算法，保证了仿真的真实性，提高了运算速度。变电站模型采用瞬时值计算方法，真实地再现变电站的各种正常和故障行为。单相模型、三相模型、长期模型及暂态模型达到有机结合和协调运算。3．解决了实际设备和仿真设备的结合问题，通过中间电流、电压放大装置把仿真的弱信号合理放大，以此来驱动实际设备。同时，又把实际设备的状态回送给仿真系统，形成系统良好的闭环控制。此外，在该项目中还解决了现场一次设备的仿真问题。通过3D影像技术生动再现现场一次设备，解决了一次设备无法亲临操作和巡视的问题。这种变电站仿真系统可以用于实验研究、技能培训及反事故预演，该系统在电力生产中具有重大的应用价值，在提高运行人员技能水平，确保电力系统安全运行方面发挥了重要作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The research and application of electric power system simulation technology have had long history. With the development of simulation technology and the application of new methods, the measurements of the simulation have essentially changed. This thesis mainly focuses on simulation training simulator of substation, in which the external power network and the high voltage devices of the substation are simulated by digital simulation method while actual equipment is employed in the measurement, control and protective relay systems. Stimulation simulator of substation is an achievement of combination of digital simulation and physical simulation. Its successful research and application are a mark of new breakthrough in the simulation field.The main contents expounded in this thesis are as follows:1. The mathematical modeling problem. The mathematical modeling is the key problem of substation simulation. Different mathematical models are used for power network and substation, because their focal points are different. For power network, all dynamic simulation is used, in which the three phase circuit is symmetric and the mathematical model is single phase model. For substation, three phase transient model is used and differential equations are used to describe the relations among the electric quantities of all the components.2. The computation coordination problems of the models. Different algorithms are used for long term model and transient model, because the inertia constants of different devices are different. Using these algorithms the computation speed is increased and the validity is insured. For substation model, computation method of instantaneous values is used to truly reproduce normal and accidental behaviors of the substation. Single phase model, three phase model, steady model and transient model are organically combined and used for coordinate computation.3. The problems of the connection of actual devices and simulation equipment. The weak simulation signals are amplified by current amplifiers and voltage amplifiers to drive the actual devices. Meanwhile, the states of actual devices feed back to simulation system to form qualified close loop control for the whole system. Moreover, problems of simulation of high voltage devices are also solved.These devices are reproduced lively by 3D image technology and impossibility of field inspection and operation of these devices is overcome.This substation simulator can be used for training and research, skill training and accident prevention exercise. This simulator has important application value in electric industry and has positive role to raise the safety level of power system production.更多还原