中密度纤维板生产企业原材料资源战略

【作者】 林峰；

【导师】 聂影；

【作者基本信息】 南京林业大学 ， 林业， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文章主要讨论原材料资源对中密度纤维板生产企业的影响，以及应对的原材料资源战略。随着经济社会的持续发展，人民物质文化和生活水平的不断提高，中密度纤维板已成为建筑、装修装磺、家具制造等行业必需的基本原料之一。并且随着我国国民经济快速增长，木材需求量大幅增加，中密度纤维板工业呈现高速发展势头，改革开放以来，我国中密度纤维板工业发展较快，目前我国已是世界中密度纤维板的生产与消费大国。中密度纤维板工业是高效利用木材资源的重要产业，是实现林业可持续发展战略的重要手段。在当前世界可采森林资源日渐短缺的情况下，充分利用林业“剩余物”、“次小薪材”和人工速生丰产商品林等资源发展中密度纤维板以替代大径级木材产品，对保护天然林资源、保护环境，满足经济建设和社会发展对林产品的不同需求，有着不可替代的作用。目前，中密度纤维板多以木质纤维生产，主要原料为小径材、枝梗材、木材加工剩余物等。由于人类社会对森林的过度砍伐，森林资源越来越少，木材原料供给结构也发生了明显的变化。在中密度纤维板生产的初期，木材原料供给充足，可获得大量优质的小径材原木和制材边板进行加工，树种主要为松木和软杂，在生产上可将原料松杂比控制为7：3。后来，由于林区的森林被过度采伐，致使木材资源日益短缺。现在中密度纤维板企业所使用的木材原料已改为部分从林区收购木片，在树种上也由软杂改为全杂，松杂比也提高到2：8，甚至全杂生产。这种变化在全国的中密度纤维板企业中普遍存在。特别是我国实施天然林保护工程后，在全国范围内木材采伐量越来越少。如何保证有充足的原料供给，已成为困扰各地中密度纤维板企业的一个重要问题。中密度纤维板工业是以森林资源为基础的资源依赖型产业。如何在保护和改善现有生态环境条件下，实现中密度纤维板工业良性循环与发展是我国目前亟待解决的问题。大力发展中密度纤维板工业，调整中密度纤维板产业结构，转变经济增长方式，是缓解资源和环境压力、实现人造板工业可持续发展的根本途径。在我国大力倡导可持续发展的新形势下，正确处理中密度纤维板生产与林业可持续发展这两者的关系，只有走林板结合的道路，这不仅是国际中密度纤维板工业的成功经验，也是我国中密度纤维板工业适应国际形势、提高市场竞争力的战略需要。由中密度纤维板企业建立自己的原料林基地，既可以保证企业的原料供应，降低生产成本，还可以通过企业发展林业基地，提高林地资源的使用效率，增加林区林农的经济收入，促进国土绿化，增加森林资源，确保生态安全，实现森林的可持续经营。开发使用非木质原料，是解决木材原料短缺的另一个途径。可用于中密度纤维板生产的非木质原料有很多，常见的有竹材、蔗渣、农作物的秸秆等。这些非木质原料扩大了中密度纤维板的原料来源，减少了森林资源的采伐，从而保护了森林，保持了森林生态环境、保障了国家生态安全，促进了中密度纤维板工业可持续发展。本文分析了我国森林资源概况，生态环境形势，阐述了林业可持续发展内涵、原则与目标及战略；本研究从交易成本理论和森林可持续经营理论出发，在中密度纤维板业国际市场化的背景下，概要介绍了我国中密度纤维板产品和森林资源的现状及主要矛盾，然后对我国林板一体化发展的现状和趋势进行了分析，包括我国林板一体化的发展历程、现状、存在问题和国家现有的优惠政策。通过论述，得出结论，即：只有林板结合，大力促进林板一体化发展，才能较好地解决我国中密度纤维板产业存在的主要问题。论文最后提出了促进林板一体化发展的对策，包括中密度纤维板林基地建设的支持政策、林板联合发展的形式、开发竹中密度纤维板等具体措施，从而实现中密度纤维板企业交易成本最小化和中密度纤维板原料林的可持续经营，有效地保护森林资源，促进林业可持续发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article mainly deals with the influence of raw material resources on theproduction of medium-density fiberboard as well as the strategy on raw materialresources.With the durative development of economy and society, the physical culture andliving conditions of people are also continuous improving. MDF had already becomeone of the necessary and basic materials in construction, installation methyl decoration,furniture manufacturing, and other sectors. And with the rapid growth of GNP in Chinaand substantial increase in demand for wood, MDF industry showed a trend of rapiddevelopment. The industry of medium-density fiberboard had developed rapidly inChina since the reform and opening, China had become one the world’s main power ofproducing and consuming the medium-density fiberboard.MDF industry was an important industry which could use wood in a highefficiency way. It was also an important means to achieve strategy of sustainabledevelopment. Considering that there were less and less recoverable forest resources, itplayed an irreplaceable role to protect natural forest resources and environment, to meetthe needs of economic construction and the different needs of forest products for socialdevelopment that made full use of forestry "residues" "Little fuelwood" Fast andartificial forests for commercial development of resources such as medium densityfibreboard to substitute the large diameter wood products.Currently, medium-density fibreboard was mostly made of wood fiber production.The main materials were small diameter timber, hard branches, the wood processingresidues. Because of the excessive felling of forests by human beings, forest hadbecome less and less, the raw material supply’s structure of wood had also undergone asignificant change. In the early stages of production of medium-density fiberboard, thesupply of wood are abundant, a lot of high-quality small diameter timber logs andlumber side plate were also available for processing, the mainly species of trees are pinetrees and soft miscellaneous. We can make the proportion of pine trees and softmiscellaneous 7 to 3 in producing. Later, with forest was over-harvesting, resulting in a shortage growing of timber resources. Now, MDF enterprises use wood raw materialsfrom the forest to partial acquisition dried, change the trees from the soft full-Miscellaneous Miscellaneous, pine SCR has reached 2:8, and even all miscellaneousproduction. This change in the country’s medium density fiberboard businesses areprevalent. In particular, China’s implementation of the natural forest protection project,a nationwide timber harvest diminishing. How to guarantee an adequate supply of rawmaterials has become plagued throughout MDF enterprises an important issue.MDF industry is an important industries which make use of timber resources. It isalso an important means to achieve strategy of sustainable development. In the currentworld recoverable growing shortage of forest resources under the circumstances, andmake full use of forestry "residues" "Little fuelwood" Fast and artificial forests forcommercial development of resources such as medium density fibreboard to replace thelarge diameter wood products, for the protection of natural forest resources, protectionof the environment, to meet the needs of economic construction and social developmentof the different needs of forest products, plays an irreplaceable role.China to vigorously promote sustainable development under the new situation,correctly handle the medium density fiberboard production and sustainable developmentof forestry the relationship between the two. Lin only take the road of integrating plate,which is not only international medium density fibreboard industry’s successfulexperiences China is medium density fibreboard industry adapt to the internationalsituation, to enhance the market competitiveness of its strategic needs.The raw material base made by MDF enterprises can guarantee the supply of rawmaterials and reduce production cost. The enterprises can also make full use of their ownbases to improve use efficiency of forest resource and increase the farmers’ income,hasten the land virescence, to ensure the ecosystem security, and achieve sustainableforest management.Developing and making use of non-wood materials is another way to solve the lackof raw wood materials. Many of the common wood can be used for medium-densityfiberboard production of non-wood raw material such as bamboo, bagasse, crop stalks. These non-wood raw materials expand the medium density fibreboard sources of rawmaterials, reduction of forest resources exploitation. So it protects the forest andmaintains a forest ecosystem and protects the country’s ecosystem security, hastens theMDF industrial sustainable development.This paper analyzes the profile of forest resources, the ecological environmentsituation and the sustainable development of forestry connotation, principles andobjectives and strategies; The transaction cost theory and forest sustainable managementtheory, medium density fiberboard in the international market of industry background,My summary of the medium density fiberboard products and the status of forestresources and contradiction, Lin then my plate right integration of the status anddevelopment trend of analysis, including China-board integration of the developmentprocess, Status, and the country’s current preferential policies. Based on the discussion,concluded that:Only Lin plate combination, to vigorously promote the integrated development offorest plate, can better solve our medium density fibreboard industry, the main issue.Finally, the paper-plate for the integrated development of countermeasures, includingmedium density fibreboard forest base of support for the development of policies, Linplate in the form of joint development, the development of medium density fibreboardPenny specific measures so as to achieve medium-density fiberboard businesstransaction cost minimization and medium density fiberboard materials sustainableforest management. Effective protection of forest resources and the promotion ofsustainable development of forestry.更多还原