【作者】 哈斯；

【导师】 孙沛；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古师范大学 ， 教育技术学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 《数据结构》是计算机及相关专业中一门重要的专业基础课程,也是其它理工专业的热门选修课。现今,各大学的数据结构课程的教材和内容都主要集中在“基本数据结构的阐述和分析、基本数据结构的应用、典型算法的适当渗透”这三个方面。由于数据结构的算法涉及从简单的线性表到复杂的树、图等多种数据结构,具有一定的难度和复杂性,给该课程的学习带来了许多困难。对算法思想的理解成为数据结构这门课程的一个重点,所以如何将抽象的算法执行过程以浅显易懂的形式展现在学生面前,是决定这门课教学成败的一个关键。本文在上述背景下就“教学内容的呈现方式对不同知识目标学习效果的影响”进行了实证性研究,为促进学习者的数据结构算法学习效果提供实证性的依据。在本研究中,经过对数据结构算法教学中内容呈现的理论和实际应用情况的分析,选取PPT演示法和逐步演示法两种内容呈现方式进行研究。根据教育心理学和教学理论对学习业绩的理解,选取与学习业绩直接相关的“理解”和“高级理解”两个目标层次,对其学习效果进行研究。并且提出假设:逐步演示法内容呈现方式有利于学习者理解和高级理解目标层次知识的学习。本研究主要采用的是单因素两水平等组实验研究方法。笔者选取《数据结构》课程中的第六章的“二叉树”单元作为本次实验研究的学习内容。实验研究开始前,在合理划分知识点的基础上,依据一定的教学组织策略,完成了采用逐步演示法的教学设计。并且依据学科测验的目的和教学内容的绩效目标,编制了形成性测试题作为学习效果测量的工具。选取计算机科学与技术专业大学二年级的60名学生作为被试,进行了为期一个月的实验研究。由于笔者对实验过程进行严格控制,所以在对实验研究的数据进行统计分析的基础上,可初步得到以下结论:对于计算机科学与技术专业的在校大学生而言,数据结构课程中PPT演示法和逐步演示法的教学内容的呈现方式对学习者高级理解目标层次知识的学习效果差异显著。对于高级理解目标层次算法知识的学习,逐步演示法呈现教学内容比PPT演示法呈现教学内容取得较好的学习效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 “Data Structure”is an important basic course of computer major and other relevant majors. It’s also a popular selective course for other science majors. Nowadays, the textbooks of“Data Structure”mainly focus on“Introduction and analysis of basic data structure, application of basic data structure and typical algorithm”The algorithm of data structure is quite hard and complex that it brings many difficulties to the learners since it involves various data structures from simple linear list to complex trees and graphs. The understanding of the algorithm has become the key of the course of data structure. It becomes vital to the teaching of this course that how to illustrate the abstract algorithmic performing process to the students in a simple way. In this context, the positive research is made in the thesis, which is on the learning effect under different knowledge objective, when the mode of instructional content demonstration is different. In this research, there are some references and demonstrational value on improving the quality of data structure course and the effect of learning.Through the analysis in theoretical and practical application of data structure algorithm teaching, the ways of PPT demonstration method and Step-by-Step demonstration methods are selected as study content in this research; According to the comprehension of learning outstanding achievement in educational psychology and instruction theory, the objective level of understanding and high level of understanding are selected in order to study the learning effect, which directly relate to learning outstanding achievement. A hypothesis is brought forward that the favorable learning effects are much easier to be obtained when Step-by-Step demonstration method organizes the learning context on the objective levels of remembering and understanding.Single-factor and two levels equality-group experiment method is the main study method in this thesis. The Chapter six“Binary Tree”of“Data Structure”course was chosen as learning content in this experiment. Before the experiment the author completed a teaching design using Step-by-Step demonstration method according to some teaching organizational strategy. And according to the aim of subject test and learning objective of instruction content, test-questions are compiled for test in order to measure the learning effects.The research chooses sixty juniors of computer science and technology major as testees, and then, proceeds in the experiment for one month. Because of the good control of the research process by the author, after comparing and analyzing the data on experiment research, the conclusions followed were proved by experiment. For undergraduates in computer science and technology major, there was significant difference of learning effect of testee on deeper understanding to multi-knowledge points. Step-by-step demonstration method could make better achievement than PPT demonstration method on the level objective of teaching.更多还原