【作者】 杨霞；

【导师】 布仁；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古师范大学 ， 土地资源管理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 土地退化和地区贫困是制约内蒙古区域经济发展、农牧区生活水平的两大难题。内蒙古土地退化发生面广、程度大;农牧区经济落后,贫困问题突出,对全区乃至于全国的生态环境、经济发展有着重大的影响。本文旨在研究土地退化与贫困的相关性,对国家制定防治土地退化、消除贫困政策,进行土地退化治理与扶贫工作起到重要的作用。本文首先从地理空间分布入手,结合MAPGIS软件绘图方法来论证土地退化与地区贫困之间是否存在相关性。以县为最小分析单位,分析内蒙古土地退化县和贫困县的分布,分析结果表明:从地理空间分布上看,内蒙古土地退化地区与贫困地区在空间上存在较大的重叠性。主要表现在边境沿线荒漠化广布的少数民族贫困区、蒙东丘陵山区、沙区贫困区、阴山风蚀沙化贫困区及黄土高原沟壑贫困区中贫困旗县与人口的分布。这些地区不仅是内蒙古乃至于全国的防治土地退化的区域,同时也是内蒙古扶贫开发的重点区域。在地理空间分布方法的基础上,本文采取了相关性和多元线性回归分析方法,对分布于半干旱荒漠草原带、阴山农牧交错带、黄土高原水土流失带的9个旗县的人均生产总值、农牧民人均纯收入、有效灌溉面积/耕地面积、农牧业机械总动力、化肥施用折纯量、农村用电量、农林牧渔总产值、粮食产量、年末牲畜存栏头数、土地退化比例10个影响农牧区经济水平的因素进行了相关性分析,得出土地退化与人均GDP的相关系数85.17%,与农牧民人均纯收入的相关系数75.84%。同时选出土地退化比例、农林牧渔总产值、化肥施用量、粮食产量等与农牧民人均纯收入相关性显著的指标进行多元线性回归分析,建立了多元线性回归方程。分析得出内蒙古自治区土地退化率的变化对农牧民人均纯收入的影响为土地退化率每提高1%,农牧民人均收入会分别减少6.98、54.7、27.6、44.8元。如果土地退化率达到100%,即土地退化程度全部达到重度,则农牧民人均收入会分别减少698、5469、2756、4483元。表明土地退化是影响农牧民人均收入的重要因素,缓减贫困应从防治和治理土地退化方面入手。最后结合全区的实际情况,以鄂尔多斯东胜区的缓贫工程为例,说明可以通过土地退化防治来缓减贫困。同时提出了内蒙古自治区治理土地退化、缓减地区贫困的对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 Land degradation and Region Poverty are the two problems which constraints Regional economic development of Inner Mongolia. Land degradation occurred extensively and seriously、economically backward in Rural areas、the highlight problem of poverty have a major impact on economic development and the ecological environment in the region of the country. This paper examines the relationship between land degradation and poverty to combat land degradation, eradicate poverty and control of land degradation and poverty alleviation playing an important role.This text was proceeding with geographical space distribution at first;conbine with MAPGIS software drawing method to improve relativity between land degradation and poverty. Regard country as mimimum unit,to analyze distribution of poor country and land degradation-country. Analysis results indicate land degradation and poverty have greater dependence in Inner Mongolia.On the basis of geographical space distribution method, I choosed the correlation and multiple linear regression analysis method in this paper. Using 10 Indicators of 9 regard countries which distribute in semi-arid desert grassland belt、Yinshan pastoral ecotone、loess plateau bring soil erosion to do a correlation analysis .The indicators are per capita GDP、per capita net income of peasant and herdsman、irrigated area/cultived area、total power of agricultural machinery、consumption of chemical fertilizer、 electicity consumedin rural area、gross output of farming、yield of grain、total livestock at the yaer-end、the proportion of land degradation.Then I elect the indicators which correlated notablely with the per capita net income of famers and herdsmen to establish multiple linear regression equation.The impact of the proportion of land degradation on the per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen is that the increasing every 1% of the Land degradation rate , the per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen will be lowered 6.98 yuan. Similarly,if the proportion of land degradation is 100%,the loss is 698 yuan.The land degradation is an important factor affecting the farmer’s per capita income, poverty alleviation should start prevention and controlling of land degradation .Finally conbining the actual situation of the entire area, taking the relieving Poverty projects of Dongsheng in Erdos, shows that we can alleviate poverty through combating land degradation. Meanwhile,gives some suggestions and measures of the land degradation’s governance and the poverty’s mitigation.更多还原