【作者】 李慎秀；

【导师】 张丽华；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁师范大学 ， 发展与教育心理学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文通过对创造性及创造性思维研究现状分析发现,对创造性思维的研究主要集中于对其定义、结构等方面的理论的探讨上,缺乏相应的实证研究;尤其对于创造性思维产生的机制或者说产生的有利条件则很少见。正是基于这一思考,本研究采用问卷法和实验法相结合的方法,对创造性思维的有利条件之一即联想进行了实验研究。目前为止,关于创造性思维与联想之间关系的实证研究尚属少见。为此,我们在国内外相关研究成果的基础上,利用问卷法对大学生的创造性思维发展状况进行了调查,并将其创造性思维水平进行了划分;采用自由联想的实验方法对大学生的词语联想能力进行了研究;在此基础上,进一步对大学生的创造性思维水平与其联想能力之间的关系进行了研究。研究结果表明:1.随着年级的升高,大学生创造性思维发展呈下降趋势,大一学生的总体发展水平显著高于其他三个年级。2.大学生创造性思维发展性别差异显著,女生在开放性、精密力、标题上得分显著高于男生。3.文科大学生创造性思维测验成绩在总体及开放性、变通力、独创力和标题上显著高于理科大学生。4.创造性思维水平高的大学生的词语联想能力明显优于创造性思维水平低的大学生,主要体现在联想类型和联想距离两个方面。即创造性思维水平高、低大学生在词语联想类型和联想距离方面差异显著;在联想个数方面差异不显著。5.创造性思维总分与联想总分、联想类型及联想距离存在显著的正相关;创造性思维各分项中,开放性、精密力、标题与词语联想总分、联想类型和联想距离呈显著的正相关;独创力与联想类型呈显著的正相关。本研究证实了联想能力是创造性思维产生的机制或有利条件之一。这一结果可为大学生创造力的开发以及创造性思维的培养提供科学的心理学依据,也为创造性思维的研究开辟了新的研究途径,并为创新教育从理论探讨走向具体的实施与操作提供可行性。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to the analysis of the present researches about creativity and creative thinking, we found these researches focused on the theories about creative concepts and constructions, while there were not empirical studies. Especially, the researches on advantages factors for creative thinking were fairly rare. Our researches focus on one of the advantageous factors influencing creative thinking, through questionnaire and experiments. So far, the relations between association and creative thinking were fairly rare. Based on the global researches, the questionnaire was applied in the thesis to investigate the differences in creative thinking. The association method was used to examine the relation between creative thinking and association in study . The results indicate that: 1.The creative thinking of college students has descending tendency. In total,the freshers are better than the other three grades. 2.There are significant differences in creative thinking in gender,the female college students are better than the male ones in opening,elaboration and title;3.There are significant differences in creative thinking of arts and science college students in opening ,versatility ,originality and title. 4. The high group of subjects performed higher ability of association than the low group, mainly on the aspects of associative type and distance. 5. The level of creative thinking was significantly correlated with the association ability.The study indicated that association was one of the advantageous factors influencing creative thinking. Studying the relations between creative thinking and words association, can provide scientific psychological grounds for training people’s scientific thinking and developing people’s wisdom and latent ability. To train individual’s association rules and thoughts base on this study. This study offers a new research visual angle from which to explore the relations between creative thinking and association.更多还原