【作者】 李贞；

【导师】 杨民；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁师范大学 ， 比较教育学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 美国是一个没有悠久的历史文化传承,便善于借鉴与创新的国家,美国几百年的教育发展史就是一部教育改革与创新史。从最初对宗主国教育模式的移植到改造已有教育,再到独具特色的教育创新,折射出美国追求创新与发展的特点。就教师教育而言,也走过了一条曲折的创生之路。近一个世纪,美国的教师教育也在改革中不断发展。教师教育19世纪初在美国崭露头角,在一百多年的发展过程中,美国的教师教育随着社会、政治、经济和文化的变迁在改革中不断发展,经历了一个从无到有、从低层次到高层次的发展过程,教师教育逐步朝着专业化的方向发展。20世纪80年代以来,美国政府将教师教育提升到事关“美国前途与未来”的高度,将改善教师教育,促进教师专业化发展列入美国十大教育目标之一。教师教育,尤其是中小学教师教育,成为当今美国教育改革的焦点。本文以美国教师教育为研究对象,在大量收集资料的基础上,运用历史法、文献法,对美国教师教育进行了比较全面的、细致的分析。本研究共分为四个部分:第一部分主要对本选题的研究背景、国内外研究现状和研究方法进行了概述,为本研究的顺利进行作铺垫;第二部分运用历史法,从纵向分析了美国教师教育发展的历史沿革,并分析出各阶段的特点;第三部分是对美国教师教育现状的研究,从横向上以当前美国教育教育机构、美国中小学教师的培养两个方面对美国教师教育进行全面梳理;第四部分选取21世纪美国教师教育改革中对我国教师教育改革最值得借鉴的措施进行分析,这些措施包括:建立专业发展学校、建立新的教师专业标准、增加新的聘任高质量教师的条件。本文通过对美国教师教育发展的历史沿革、现状及进入21世纪教师教育的改革进行全方位的介绍,期望为我国教师专业化发展和教师教育改革提供一个有效的、可供借鉴的蓝本。更多还原

【Abstract】 The United States is a country which does not have long history and exuberant cultural heritage but is good at innovation and drawing on other’s achievements. As for the teacher education, the U.S. has experienced a zigzag process. It emerged in the early 19th century. During over one century’s time, the American teacher education, which develops with the transformation of the society, politics and culture, experiences a process from naught to existence, from fundamental to advanced and it is developing in the direction of professionalization step by step.The U.S. government has always attached great importance to the teacher education and elevated it to the height that it concerns“the prospect and future of America”tremendously. The improvement of the education and the development of teacher profession have been listed as one of the ten education targets of America. The teacher education, especially the education of the primary school and high school teachers, has currently become the focus of the education reform in America.Based on a great deal of information, this paper is devoted mainly to a relatively thorough and detailed analysis of the American teacher education -the object of study - from the perspective of history、comparison and philology. This paper is basically classified into four parts. The first part presents a general description of the research backgrounds、present research situation and research methods, which facilitate the research and discussion in the latter part of the paper, by using the methodology of history. The second section deals with the historical development and reformation of the American teacher education. Besides, built upon longitudinal comparison, the features in each stage are concluded; The third part gives a comprehensive organization of the American teacher education from two aspects, the institutions of the American teacher education and the training of the American primary and secondary school teachers, which is also the key point of this research. The fourth part sums up the reform tendency of the American teacher education in the 21st century. Through this research, I expect that I can offer some new thinking and significant advice for China’s teacher professional development and teacher education reform.更多还原