【作者】 姜广义；

【导师】 于文谦；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁师范大学 ， 体育人文社会学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 目前,我国正处于经济、社会、文化转型期的关键期。经济、社会、文化事业发展的“不和谐”现象已经显现。学校体育、社区体育作为发展人,完善人的途径成为社会关注的热点。然而,作为转型期的学校体育、社区体育已经不能满足人们日益增长的需要。社区体育的发展明显滞后于学校体育,出现了“不和谐”态势。面对新形势下出现的新问题,论文旨在探索学校体育与社区体育的“双效互动、资源共享”[1](学校体育与社区体育互相有效推动,相互间的人力、物质、文化资源共同利用)的和谐发展机制,形成以学校为中心的社区体育发展的新模式,探索学校体育改革的新路子,从而促进我国社区体育与学校体育的和谐发展。本研究以社区体育、学校体育为主要研究对象,运用文献资料研究、问卷调查、访谈、实地调查、数理统计、比较分析、归纳演绎等研究方法,以社会转型对学校体育、社区体育发展的影响作为研究的切入点,通过学校体育与社区体育和谐发展的理论探析、学校体育现状调查分析、社区体育现状调查分析、影响学校体育与社区体育和谐发展的因素、学校体育与社区体育和谐发展的对策等内容的研究,运用思辨和实证相结合的论证方法,力求在学校体育与社区体育和谐发展的理论与实践上有所创新。本研究的主要成果和结论如下:1.转型期经济、社会、文化的不断发展决定了学校体育面临向素质教育转轨,社区体育面临与学校体育对接的整体发展趋势。学校体育的社会化,社区体育的教育化、多元化是构建和谐体育、建设和谐社会的重要条件。2.经济社会快速发展的大环境带动了学校体育的硬件建设以及软环境建设,但学校体育人力、物质、文化资源没有得到有效利用。素质教育要求学校教育走出校园,走进社会,适应社会。所以客观条件决定了输出资源的可能性和必要性。3.社区体育的硬件建设以及软环境建设也得到长足发展,但面临社会要求存在资源短缺,群众满意度低的局面,所以客观条件决定了必须走出去,向社会寻找健身路径,请进来向人才要效益。另外,社区的健身环境是学校拓展教育的可利用舞台。4.社区体育与学校体育存在互补关系。这种互补关系为两者和谐发展提供了条件。建立两者的“双效互动模式”使学校的体育资源优势转化为社区体育的发展条件;使社区体育资源成为学校体育拓展社会教育的平台。5.构建“和谐社会”的发展理念,决定体育事业必将向“和谐体育”的方向发展。“大教育观”、[2]“大体育观”[3]下的学校体育和社区体育的和谐发展必将带来人的自由和谐发展,社会的和谐发展,国家“软实力”[4]的提升。6.影响社区体育与学校体育发展不和谐的主要的因素是思想保守、观念落后、体制机制问题突现、整体水平低下,民生观念淡薄,行政不作为。7.改变不和谐发展的举措是划片分管、建立学区、明确工作、建立机制、利用优势、双向互动、强化宣传、营造氛围、注重效益、社会参与、发展产业、筹措资金、公益为主,效益反补。更多还原

【Abstract】 At the present time, China is in the critical period of economic, social and cultural transformation when disharmonic phenomena in the development of economic, social and cultural causes have emerged. As the means of developing and improving people, school sports and community sports have become the focus of social attention.However, school sports and community sports, which are the symbol of social sports in transformation period, cannot satisfy people’s increasing requirements any more. Community sports obviously lag behind school sports and appear to be disharmonic. In the face of new problems under new circumstances, this paper intend to explore a harmonious development mechanism of double effect interaction and resources sharing between school sports and community sports (school sports and community sports effectively promote each other and share the human, material and cultural resources), form new development models of community sports centered on schools, probe into a new way of reformation of school sports and consequently promote the harmonious development of Chinese community sports and school sports.This paper takes community sports and school sports as the main objects of research and employs various research methods such as searching by documents and materials, questionnaire, case study, interview, field survey, mathematical statistics, comparative analysis and induction and deduction. By integrating reasoning and demonstration, it starts from the influence of social transformation on the development of school sports and community sports and covers investigation and analysis of current situation of school sports and community sports, the contrast between the two, exploration of their harmonious development models, elements that influence their development and the strategies of harmonious development of school sports and community sports. It is striving for theoretical and practical innovation in respect of harmonious development of school sports and community sports.The main results and conclusions of the research are as following: 1. Continuous development of economy, society and culture in transformation period requires school sports to transform toward quality education and the overall development trend of community sports is to joint with school sports. The socialization of school sports and polynary education-oriented community sports are the important conditions for the development of harmonious sports and construction of a harmonious society. 2. The rapid development of economy and society promotes the construction of hardware and soft environment of school sports, but the human resources, material and cultural resources of school sports are not made good use of. Quality education requires school sports to go out of campus, enter the society and get adapted to society. Therefore, objective conditions have determined the possibility and necessity of resources output. 3. The construction of hardware and soft environment of community sports have advanced greatly, but is in the face of resources shortage and low degree of public satisfaction. The objective conditions determine that community sports must go to the society to search for fitness paths and invite talents to obtain profits. Apart from that, the body-building environment of community is the applicable stage for school to expand education. 4. Community sports and school sports are complementary, which lay the foundation for their harmonious development. Establish two-effect interaction pattern between the two, transfer the athletics resources advantage into conditions for the development of community sports and make community athletics resources become the platform for schools to expand social education. 5. The development idea of constructing a“harmonious society”determines that sports causes will certainly move towards harmonious sports. Harmonious development of school sports and community sports guided by the views of great education and great sports will undoubtedly lead to the free and harmonious development of man and society and promote the national soft strength. 6. The major reasons of disharmonious development of community sports and school sports include old-fashioned ideas and conceptions, problems about systems and mechanisms, low overall levels, faint idea of livelihood and administrative nonfeasance. 7. The measures to deal with the disharmonious development include regional separate management, establishment of school districts, specialization of work, establishment of mechanisms, making use of advantages, two-way interaction, reinforcement of propaganda, creation of atmosphere, focus on interest, social participation, development of industry, raising capital, and regarding commonweal as the center and profits as the complement.更多还原