【作者】 刘小溪；

【导师】 于文谦；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁师范大学 ， 体育人文社会学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 中国竞技体育与均衡发展已成为世界乃至我国现代化进程中的主旋律,均衡发展是人类社会发展的必由之路,体育战线也不例外。中国竞技体育必须走均衡发展的道路,只有这样,才能使我国竞技体育按照良性循环的方式发展下去。否则,将发生恶性循环,致使我国竞技体育走上难以发展直至不能发展的道路。为使我国竞技体育均衡发展,有必要对其中的战略性问题进行深入的研究。采用文献资料法和数理统计方法,分别从宏观的政治、经济、文化,微观的体育管理体制、训练体制、方法、项目设置、女子运动员优势、教育、人种和冬夏奥运会,对影响我国竞技体育发展的相关因素进行分析,旨在为我国竞技体育向着持续、健康的方向发展提供参考依据。通过调查发现,多种因素共同制约着我国竞技体育的均衡发展。针对现有情况,本论文查阅了大量有关的书籍、文献,收集整理后,分别从宏观、中观、微观三个方面,就“影响我国竞技体育均衡发展的相关因素”拟定出相应的对策和建议,将所涉及到的内容制成“专家调查问卷”在全国范围内请专家对问卷进行效度检验,得出效度检验的均值是8.91。问卷采取不同等级排序权重的方法让专家对所涉及的指标内容根据重要程度进行排序。经过数据处理后,将权重反馈给专家,一轮问卷回收后,一级指标为3项、二级指标由10项减至9项、三级指标由37项减至33项。再将三轮问卷反馈专家进行再次排序(见附件4),问卷调查结束后,用肯特尔和谐系数公式对最后一轮问卷进行专家一致性检验,得出结论:专家评判的一致性较高,说明指标可靠。于是从宏观、中观、微观三个方面制定出促进我国竞技体育均衡发展的对策和建议。其中,宏观指标的权重为0.3681、中观指标的权重为0.3278、微观指标的权重为0.3041。促进我国竞技体育均衡发展建议:1.以管理体制改革为“龙头”,加快转变运行机制,不断完善法规制度体系。以赛制多样化改革为重点,完善竞赛制度,充分发挥竞赛对促进竞技体育发展的综合效应和优化资源配置的基础作用。2.突出竞技体育运动项目重点,调整结构。加强体育科研对运动训练的推动作用,完善“科训结合”机制,加快体育科研成果开发和转化进程。加快运动项目协会实体化进程,大力发展竞技体育产业。3.加强高水平综合性训练基地建设。完善竞技体育信息网络系统,提高管理决策水平。加强和提高教练员文化、业务素质的培训。进一步完善竞技体育后备人才的培养体系。更多还原

【Abstract】 The unbalanced development of sports in China has be come the key factor around China and the world wide. Sustainable development is one of the most important essences on the way of human being development, so does the sports development. The development style of sports in China must be confined to the way of sustainable development. Only in this method the development style of sports in China can be developed in the benign repetition way. Otherwise the sports in China will not be developed healthy and consequently it cannot be developed. It is necessary to make further study on the strategic issues among the sports in order to let our sports be developed in the way of sustainable.Literature research and symbolic statistic have been adopted in is article to analyze the factors which play the important part in the development of Chinese sport from the way of macroscopically method such as politics, economics, culture and microcosmic way as the style of sports management, training system, method, item setting, the advantage of female athletes, education, human race and the Olympics both summer and winter respectively. The purpose of this study is to provide the references for the healthy and sustainable development of Chinese sport.Many factors which restrict Chinese sport development in a balanced way have been found thought some certain research. Correspondent method and the suggestion have been made in this article according to the“interrelated factors which plays important part in the development of Chinese development”through three aspects of macroscopically, intermediate-cosmic and microcosmic, after the collecting and analyzing information from the books and essays. Questionnaires for the expert have been distributed nation wide to make reliable checkout. And the average result has been obtained as 8.91. Different ranking weight method has been adopted to let the expert reevaluate the correspondent content. After the handling of the data, weight has been feedback to the expert. After first round of survey, first grade target will be 3 items and second target has been reduced from 10 to 9 items and also the third target has been reduced from 37 to 33 items. And the reevaluation has been made again by the experts after they get the third round of survey (index 4). After the survey Kearny harmonious formula is being used to make the checkout of the coincidence from experts. Conclusions have been obtained as the rate of coincidence of the expert remains high. The target is reliable. Thus the method and the suggestion have been made from macroscopically intermediate-cosmic and microcosmic way. And among them, the macroscopic target weight is 0.3681, the intermediate-cosmic target weight is 0.3287, and the microcosmic target weight is 0.3041.Suggestions for improving Chinese sport unbalanced development:1, center the innovation of management, accelerating the speed of changing operating system, improve the legislation system.improve the race system on the bases of innovation for the variation of the race system. Bring the function of the race for the improving the sports development as a whole and the configure of the resources of the fundamental function to play. highlight the sport item importance and adjust the structure.2, strengthen the foundation effect of the sport research to the training system. Improve the“combination training”system, accelerating the process of the changing from the study production to the applied field. accelerating the materialization of sports associations. Develop the sports economy. strengthen the construction of the bases for the high level training.3, improve construction of the sports information net work, and improve the level of decision management. strengthen and improve the education and the diathesis of special of the coaches. further improve the construction of the reserve for Chinese sports.更多还原