【作者】 戴晓兰；

【导师】 尹怀宁；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁师范大学 ， 自然地理学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文依据辽东半岛南部地区泥炭层中孢粉分析结果,对辽东半岛南部地区自然环境演变和人类活动之间的关系进行了研究。通过孢粉资料及其对照的资料,初步建立了辽东半岛地区全新世以来的环境演变序列:7000-5000 aB.P.,气候由暖湿转变为凉干,含有喜暖的阔叶树花粉。5000-4000 aB.P.阔叶树种显著降低,针叶树种的含量有所增加,气候由暖湿转向冷干,是辽东半岛历史上的一个降温时期。4000-3000 aB.P.气候由冷干逐步向暖湿过渡,温度又发生了大幅度的回升。辽东半岛南部地区的新石器文化是我国北方文化发展的重要组成部分,探讨辽东半岛南部地区全新世气候变化序列与史前文化发展阶段相关性,是人地关系研究的重要内容之一。辽东半岛南部地区的环境演化与新石器—青铜文化的联系研究表明,新石器—青铜文化对环境变化有积极的响应,环境变化的不同阶段与人类发展可以相互对比,文化对环境变化的响应程度取决于环境恶化的程度和速度以及人类抵御自然的能力。当环境快速的变化且强度超出人类抵御能力的时候,原有的文化就会快速衰落或消亡;环境变化较弱或速度缓慢时,人类有时间和能力去抵抗和适应这种变化,反而促进人类文化的进一步发展。根据辽东半岛孢粉分析及14C测年结果资料的分析显示,7000-5000 aB.P.,此时为大暖期的高温期,辽东半岛的小珠山、后洼文化兴盛;5000-4000 aB.P.,辽东半岛气候由暖湿转化为冷干,后洼文化逐渐衰落;4000-3000 aB.P.,气候变暖,本区的青铜文化发达;其中5000-4000aB.P.间的以冷干为特征的环境恶化是造成后洼文化衰落最主要的原因;同时由于辽东半岛南部地区位于临海地区,气候变化对海平面升降的影响,也给本区的人类活动带来较大的影响。本文探讨了环境因素在新石器文化发展过程中的地位和作用,认为人类文化是地球表层系统的组成要素之一,其发展受到自然环境的约束。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper uses spore-pollen analysis and environment archaeology information, combining with 14C to recover the climate environment change within the last ten thousand years in southern Liaodong Peninsula province. The Chenshantou peat section is the high-time-resolution geological records which the environmental change and human activities of historical periods in southern Liaodong Peninsula district. According to the records, the authors we obtain a brand-new climate evolution rule of southern Liaodong Peninsula in the middle Holocene:7000-5000 a BP,the temperature was very high;5000-4000 a. BP,the Liaodong Peninsula climate changed from warm-wet to cold-dry;4000-3000 a BP,the climate changed warmly,the bronze culture developed;Through to the relevant discussion which moves to the climatic change and the humanity , it announces the mechanism that the environmental change has influenced to human development.The Holocene climatic changes, is one of the component of the world climatic changes, is a emphasis of the paleo climatic study, and is also an important content studied in the Quaternary environment. It is the environmental condition especially climatic condition that is the essential factor in the early cultural develop in southern Liaodong Peninsula . The dominating culture was prosperous in the warm period, and the simple livetook farming economy was in the low level in the cold period. Environment archaeology indicates: the warm-moist climate was the environmental foundation of the human society developed in Holocene. The study of the Holocene climatic change serial has achieved unified knowledge, which is the theoretic Holocene climatic change serial has achieved unified knowledge, which is the theoretic foundation to understand the relationship between paleo climatic change serial and prehistoric culture development stage. This paper intends to study the relationship between the climatic change serial and prehistoric culture development stage, the result shows that there is good relativity between them. About 7000-5000a.B.P, Xiaozhushan and Houwa culture developed rapidly within warming period, the agriculture achieved a relative high level, stock appeared, people had a stationary lifestyle, fishing, hunting and gathering were still the important economic means. which was the most steady warm-wet stage in Holocene Epoch. At about 5000-4000a.B.P, there was a cooling period, the climate change gave an import anti influence to prehistoric culture. Houwa culture conceiving many factors of civilized society was relatively backward. 4000-3000 a BP,the climate changed warmly,the bronze culture developed;Through to the relevant discussion which moves to the climatic change and the humanity , it announces the mechanism that the environmental change has influenced to human development.更多还原