【作者】 陈惠；

【导师】 顾德裕；

【作者基本信息】 苏州大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 针对我国渐开线圆柱减速器齿轮寿命严重不等现象,通过ZLY系列减速器齿轮强度来分析ZY系列标准减速器齿轮强度差情况,基于等强度优化设计思想进行改善。本文通过编辑软件对ZLY系列减速器齿轮强度计算,并对强度数据分析得知:该系列标准减速器普遍存在一定的强度差;其中弯曲强度差比较严重,而冶金机械行业对齿根弯曲强度要求比较严格。等强度思想从强度上改善减速器齿轮寿命现状,采取安全系数作为实现等强度的指标。本文采用等强度具体目标为:减速器中所有齿轮的接触安全系数值方差最小、弯曲安全系数值方差最小。通过对优化对象(即减速器齿轮)具体分析,基于等强度目标分别建立各级减速器的数学模型。通过研制减速器齿轮设计软件,对减速器齿轮进行优化设计,改善现有减速器齿轮强度差情况,从齿轮设计上实现减速器性能的突破,实现该厂自主创新。本课题研制软件基本完成减速器齿轮强度计算和优化设计功能。采用GB/T 3480-1997承载能力计算标准,进行减速器强度计算,提供强度计算明细,提供数据文件存储功能。根据本优化问题为非线性离散优化问题,选择并提供复合形法、随机方向和随机试验组合法、乘子罚函数法三种算法。基于非线性离散优化技术对各算法进行适当的改进,分别对一级减速器、二级减速器、三级减速器进行连续变量优化求解和离散混合变量优化求解,通过连续优化解的特征来判断离散解是否最优及其精度,通过多种算法比较选取最优解,从而提高软件优化设计功能的可靠性和稳定性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The longevity of gears in one reducer is quite different, so through caculating the strength of standard reducers the gears’strength difference of the standard reducers about ZY serial was calculated and analyzed in this paper, and the method of equal strength optimal design is added for improvement.The strength datas of ZLY serial reducers,which were computed by the programme edited here, show that strength difference generally exists in this kind of standard reducers and the strength difference for bending, which is more important in metallurgy area, is comparatively worse.Safety factors, which are of one criterion for the strength, was adapted as the parameter for equal strength, and through relizing equal strength, longevity state is improved. The objective for equal strength here was that both of the variances of gears’safety factors both for pitting and bending strength came to the least. By developing the software, the gear box will be designed, the difference of gears’strength will be decressed, the capability of reducer will be improved, and the company will realize innovation.The software developed here can basicly accomplish the following main functions. gears’strength-Calculation, based on GB/T 3480-1997“Calculation Methods of Load Capacity for Involute Spur and Helical Gears”, supplies the list of the strength calculate process, and saves the data file. Design the gears, based on the equal strength optimal methods, three optimal methods such as Complex、combining CRDM and Random Test、PHRM were selected and made some amends according to nonlinear mixed-discrete variable optimal technoledge, final optimal results not only the continious variable but also the mixed-discrete variable are achieved, through the continious variable results the validity of mixed variable results will be judged, and stability and reliability of the software is improved through using several optimal methods .更多还原