【作者】 崔连红；

【导师】 邰崇禧；

【作者基本信息】 苏州大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 分析与诊断我国优秀男子背越式跳高运动员的最后两步助跑及起跳技术,对提高我国男子跳高运动的整体水平具有重要意义。选定2005年“江缆杯”全国田径大奖系列赛(宜兴)暨亚洲田径公开赛男子跳高比赛前4名运动员为研究对象,采用两台JVC9800高速摄像机,以50fps拍摄频率同步拍摄运动员的最后两步助跑及起跳技术,并采用德国SIMI-motion录像解析系统进行图像解析。研究结果显示:(1)本文被试助跑最后两步身体重心水平速度均低于世界优秀运动员,最后一步身体重心水平速度损失也大于国外优秀运动员。3名被试助跑最后两步节奏较合理。(2)本文被试助跑倒数第二步身体重心移动轨迹平稳、起伏不大,倒二步身体内倾角变化呈大-小趋势,与国外优秀运动员呈相反的趋势,1名被试倒一步左脚着地瞬间身体内倾角偏大。本文被试最后一步身体重心高度变化较大,起跳腿着地瞬间身体重心高度与世界优秀运动员有显著性差异。(3)本文3名被试在摆动腿支撑阶段膝关节缓冲膝角过大,缓冲幅度和蹬伸幅度过小,水平速度损失较明显,摆动腿蹬伸不积极,助跑与起跳衔接技术差。起跳腿着地时放脚技术较差,在最大缓冲时起跳腿膝关节弯曲大,1名被试缓冲时间合理,起跳腿缓冲技术较其他被试要好。本文被试起跳腿蹬离地面瞬间髋、膝、踝三关节伸展不充分,导致起跳腿蹬伸工作距离和H1值低于国外优秀运动员。(4)徐欣采用屈腿式摆腿方式,其他三名被试采用折叠式摆腿方式。本文被试起跳过程中摆动腿摆动幅度、摆动角速度都较小,从而影响起跳腿离地瞬间身体重心高度H1值。李冰采用单臂交叉摆动方式,其他被试采用双臂交叉摆动方式,本文被试左臂摆动速度与国外优秀运动员存在显著性差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 It is important to analysis and diagnosis on the last two strides during approach and take-off technique of Chinese elite male High-jumper for improving their high-jumping ability. Four male athletes attended the 2005“Jiang Lan Cup”of National Trak-and-Field competition series in Yixing and Asian Track-and-Field opening competition of male high-jumping were selected as our subjects .Two JVC9800 high-speed cameras were used to take synchronism image of the last two stride during approach and take-off technique in 50fps and analyzed the images in the SIMI-motion video analytical system.The results shows: (1) Four male athletes have a lower horizontal velocity in the last two strides. Three subjects’pace of last two strides during approach was in reason. (2) Athletes’centre of gravity loci were smooth and the fall in angle of their body range from to small that was the contrary with foreign elite high-jumpers in the last two strides during approach. The change of the height of the Body’s centre of Gravity was large in the last one stride. During the take-off , with the take-off leg touching the ground, the height of the Body’s centre of Gravity have a significant difference with foreign elite high-jumpers. (3) In the buffering course of the swing leg, the knee joints of tried legs partly buffered too much , and the range of stretch is too small. The ability of finishing the swing leg was weak and this made the horizontal velocity lower. Those factors were harmful to remain the run-up speed and take-off effect. Both the distance of the last stride and the rate of last-stride distance and the body were comparatively small, having a significant difference with foreign elite high-jumpers. Buffering technique of one of the athletes was in reason. Four male athletes were that it take-off leg lip、knee、ankle 3 joint fully pedal and stretch in the twingkling of an eye to finish to take-off to try. Chinese jumper’s the height of the left leg at the end of take-off and the height of are lower than that of world level high jumpers. (4) Xu-xin adopted the bent-leg mode, the others adopted the fold-leg mode, during the take-off , the swing leg has a smaller amplitude and lower swing speed. Li-bing adopted intersecting of single-arm mode, The others adopted intersecting of double-arm mode. The swing speed of left arm are comparatively small, having a significant difference with foreign elite high jumpers.更多还原